Study of effect of the Slope Aspect on the Physo -Chemical, Biological, and Optical Soil Properties

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study effect of the slope aspect in some soil physo-chemical, optical and biological properties. The research was included three different stages. The field work stage which involve delineating and choice of study location and collecting soil sample and recorded some of field formation. The lab work stage which including prepared the soil sample, then the sample divide to two parts, first part used to determine soil texture, bulk density, moisture contents, porosity, soluble ions, pH, EC, organic matter and calcium carbonate, in addition to bacteria and fungi count, and second part used to express from soil colour and spectral reflectance as digitals. Office work stage which include on the spectral and geometric correction for image satellite and composing of the digital elevation model maps, analysis aspect, NDVI map and calculate vegetation indicator (NDVI, VI, SAVI, IPVI, CI, CMFI, BI, WI). In addition, used of images which acquired by digital camera in calculating spectral reflectance and primary colour value (RGB) for soil by using a program groups (ERDAS Ver. 9.3, ENVI Ver. 4.1, Global Mapper Ver. 10.1, arcGIS Ver. 9.3). The results shows a clear different as result to slope effect, there are dominate sand content, calcium carbonate and decrease of clay content, moisture content, organic matter, soluble ions and bacteria and fungi count in medium of slope for south aspect, whereas observed increase in indicators (NDVI, VI, SAVI, IPVI, CI) and decrease of indictors (CMFI, BI, WI) in north aspect.