Histological study of the effect of Pegenumharmala seed extract on liver, liver enzymes andsome blood parameters in male Albino Rats

Abstract

Present study was carried out to find the effect of Pegenumharmala on liver tissue, liverfunction test and some blood parameters on experimental animals, thus for this purpose ,Fourgroups of male albino rats (Musmusculus) were subcutaneously administrated with normalsaline(0.9 % NaCl) or Peganumharmala aqueous seed extract (1%,2%,3%) mg/ kg)/bodyweight at daily interval for one month period. Thereafter, animals were scarified andspecimens from the liver were examined under light microscope for structural changes.Repeatedtreatment withPeganumharmala seeds aqueous extract caused dose- relatedstructural changes in the liver treated groups. Severe changes were observed following 2 %mg/ kg dose that were manifested by fibrosis in interstitial connective tissueand blood vesselsof the liver. repeated treatment of Peganumharmal water extract a seeds at 3% mg/ kg dosecaused severe destruction of hepatic cellnucleiand vesiculation in the cytoplasm due todegeneration in hepatic cells .In addition, dis arrangement in hepatic sinusoids and destructionin the walls of central veins wereobserved. Nuclear polymorph cellular infiltration andcirrhosis as wellas pyknotic in hepatic cell nuclei were noticed in the 1% mg/ kg dose group.Peganumharmala seedsaqueous extract at 1% and 2% mg/ kg caused slight tomoderatehistological changes in the liver manifested as degeneration and hypertrophy oftubular epithelial lining. In addition,The oral administration of extractcauses maximum fallof blood glucose level to(138 and 35.5 ) at(p<0.01) respectively with the normalratsCholesterol was decreasedsignificantly ( 0.01 ) in treatedgroup compared with control .Lowestvalue was in second dose 2% (29.0) while the highest value was in control group(148.5),significant changes (0.05) in GPT and GOT enzymes were observedbetween treatedand control group. The highest values were incontrol groups while the lowest values were intreated groupNon-significant changes were observed in the values of WBC and RBC intreatedrats compared to controls. In conclusions Peganumharmala seed extract has manyhistopathological effect on liver tissue as well as moderate effects on liver enzymes andsome blood parameters.