The concept and origin of The Old Testament in the light of critical theories

Abstract

The Old Testament is the name Christians used for the Bible in the Jews, as distinct from the Bible, which they called the New Testament. Christians collected the two books in one book, called the Bible. The Jews call their holy books, the Torah, The Prophets and the Ketubot, and they call it the Hebrew Bible. The Old Testament is divided into: Three main sections: The first section: The Torah Torah: means the law, and includes the five books attributed to Moses peace be upon him. The second section: The Prophets: The names of the Prophets are related to one of two things: either to refer to the authorship of the Prophets of these books, or to speak of some of the prophets of the Children of Israel. These books tell the story of the children of Israel after Moses, peace be upon him, until after the return of the Babylonian families to Palestine, and rebuild the temple again. Jewish religion, as it is known, developed and integrated during the Jewish captivity in Babylon. The first books of the Torah began to take shape, now that the Jews were in captivity, which ended in 538 BC. After a period of more than half a century. However, some researchers believe that the Old Testament, including the Torah, has been misrepresented, altered, deleted and added to fit the situation of the Jews during the Babylonian families, and beyond, meaning that the Old Testament after almost eight centuries of The time of the Prophet Moses, which dates back to the thirteenth century BC. The nature of The research required that it be divided into: three sections: The first topic, the concept of the Old Testament, which dealt with the concept of the Old Testament and the sections of the Old Testament and its travels.The second section, entitled "Sources of the Old Testament", talks about the origins of the Old Testament, from which Judaism derived its origins and laws. The third and final topic, entitled "Criticism of the Old Testament", dealt with the critique of the Old Testament narratives through some of their inks from Westerners and Christians.