Skeletal and dental norms for Sudanese adults with Class I normal occlusion

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to establish skeletal and dental Norms for Sudanese adults by using lateral cephalometric radiography.A lateral cephalometric analysis of normal Sudanese adults was accomplished on (27) males and (23) females aged (18) to (25) years with class I normal occlusion, with no previous orthodontic treatment and with harmonious faces.Normative skeletolentalcephalometric Standards for adult Sudanese males and females including (18) angular and(21) linear parameters were developed.Skeletal comparison between males and females showed that:•Males were significantly greater than females in lower facial height (LFH) and gonial(Ar.Go.Me) angles, while the females were significantly greater than males in mandibular bend (MB) and symphysis(B-Me-Mp) ones.•Males were significantly longer than females in all the skeletal linear parameters except wits appraisal and (A-N-Pog.) line, which shows no significant sex, difference.•Males With longer cranial base longer upper andlower jaws.•When comparing the dental angular parameters: Males demonstrated greater significant values than females in theinterincisal(U1-L1)angle than the females, while the females were significantly greater than males in lower incisors inclination (L1-Mp) angle.•The Sudanese adults exhibited bimaxillary protrusion tendency.Comparing the dental linear parameters: Males were significantly longer than the females in the upper posterior (UPDH), lower posterior (LPDH), and lower anterior (LADH) dental heights.