Turkey and the Developments of the Syrian Issue a Study in Relations and Attitudes

Abstract

In 2011, the Arab region witnessed a movement that led to a change in the regimes of some Arab countries, while others witnessed a kind of internal political instability that resulted in displacement, chaos and killing of the people of those countries where the popular movement took place. Syria comes at the forefront of countries hit by the winds of Arab change, an attempt by the Syrian people to put pressure on the ruling regime to carry out reforms in its governing administration of the country, but the Syrian regime strongly confronted these attempts to end. The Syrian issue has shifted from a humanitarian issue to a regional and international conflict, as the Syrian territory has turned into proxy battles and wars for major regional and international forces trying to obtain the greatest political and economic gains. It is worth mentioning that the Syrian citizens inside Syrian territory, as well as refugees from other countries, enjoy a large international as well as host communities in neighboring countries such as Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey and Iraq, while the United Nations does not strive to issue a strict UN resolution condemning the Syrian regime and stop regional and international interventions. The Turkish role towards the Syrian issue comes in adopting the rights demanded by the Syrian people and pushing the Syrian government to open up and fulfill the demands to avoid the plight of the country, but its role and quality have shown some changes. Then Turkey, which launched its foreign policy toward events in Syria on the basis of (Open Support) Initially, it sought to convert its policy in early 2015 to the policy of (limited support), and to consider a consensual political solution, away from the policy of challenging slogans, as well as it became an important influential regional and international pressure on the Syrian regime.