COVID-19 in a Histopathological and immunological view

Abstract

The virus that spread in all over the world and made such a pandemic, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) corona virus-2; SARS-COV-2 for short. It is another member of the corona virus family which caused the 2019 corona virus; COVID-19. The global research focus is on how to tackle this disease by trying to find a treatment and a vaccine to prevent further infection. Such efforts has come via the symptoms from COVID-19 patients. Histopathological changes in these patients is one of the areas that is highly recommended for the researcher in order to find out the mechanism of action for this virus. In another hand, one of the significant parameters that all COVID-19 patients share is the cytokine storm. Researchers has extensively studied this field due to the tissue damage that is caused by the pro-inflammatory mediators. However, correlating both histopathological changes and their immunological background is still poorly studied. Therefore, in this review, we try to shed a light on the current knowledge that is available and analyzing both area to find possible mechanisms that lead to the tissue damage and organ failure which enhance the severity of COVID-19 in patients.