A review of the reinforcement performance of the photovoltaic/thermal hybrid system

Abstract

Population growth and economic development in most countries of this worldhave increased global energy needs. The international energy agencies indicated thatthe increase in energy consumption in developing countries is faster than in developedcountries, and it requires almost twice their current capacity to meet energy demand by2020. It is also estimated that the total energy consumption in the world will increase by44% from 2006 to year. 2030. Therefore, alternative energy sources must be specifiedto meet our energy requirements and to conserve traditional fossil fuels. Solar energy isa renewable energy source. This clean energy has the potential to meet a large amountof the world's energy demand. In the field of renewable energy and energy efficiency, ithas brought stability to the negative impact of carbon emissions due to the increase inenergy consumption in the world, as well as the reduction of major fossil fuel sources.Photovoltaic thermal technology (PVT) has been developed since the 1970s. PVTsystem generates electrical and thermal energy simultaneously. The aim of this hybridsystem was to use a cooling PV panel to enhance electrical efficiency, while, at the sametime, utilizing thermal energy for the heating process. Most studies on PVT systemsfocused on the air or water-based medium for the heat transfer. In recent years,nanofluids and phase-change materials have been used with working fluid to enhancePVT thermal performance, in addition to adding some design parameters.