Assessment of FVIII, D‑dimer, S. ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase in hospitalized patients with 2019 coronavirus disease

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a coronavirus that can produce a varietyof symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic carrier status to severe respiratory failure, multiple organdysfunction, and death, it might be associated with hypercoagulability as increase in coagulationfactor 8 (FVIII).OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to investigate markers of hypercoaguablility(factor VIII activity, D‑Dimer) in hospitalized adult patients with COVID‑19, evaluation of certainmarkers of inflammation (S. ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], C‑reactive protein [CRP], anderythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR]) and correlate those markers with each other.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This cross‑sectional study included 70 adult hospitalized patients withCOVID‑19. Blood samples were obtained for FVIII, D. dimer, and ESR. Statistical analysis was performedusing Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010.RESULTS: The mean age of enrolled 70 patients was 60.22 ± 14.43 years. 44 (62.9%) of patientshad neutrophilia and lymphopenia was seen in 41 (58.6%). High ratio of N/L was seen in 66 (94.3%).Low count of eosinophil was seen in 44 (62.9%), high LDH level was seen at 57 (81.4%). Regardingserum ferritin, high level was seen 64 (91.4%) and high level of CRP was seen in 56 (80%). Highlevel of ESR was seen in 64 (91.4%) and high level of D. dimer was seen in 55 (78.6%), while thehigh level of FVIII was seen in 30 (42.9%) and low FVIII level was seen in 4 (5.7%).CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients had neutrophilia, lymphopenia, high N/L ratio, andeosinopenia. Markers of inflammation (S. ferritin, LDH, CRP, and ESR), which were elevated. FVIIIlevel and D. dimer were elevated in the majority of patients with COVID‑19. Few of the patients werehad a low level of FVIII, which might be related to abnormal function of the liver or might be attributedto autoantibodies directed against FVIII.