Dental caries, Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli and salivary status of type1 diabetic mellitus patients aged 18- 22 years in relation to Glycated Haemoglobin

Abstract

Background: diabetic mellitus is one of the serious systemic diseases that may cause general systemic changes,which may be reflected in the oral cavity. The aims of this study were to assess the severity of dental caries, MutansStreptococci and Lactobacilli in addition to flow rate and pH among uncontrolled and controlled diabetic groups incomparison with non-diabetic control group.Materials and Methods: Study groups consisted of 25 uncontrolled diabetic patients (HbA1c > 7), 25 controlleddiabetic patients (HbA1c ≤ 7), in addition to 25 non-diabetic healthy looking individuals. Their age was (18-22) yearsfrom both genders. The diagnosis and recording of dental caries was according to severity of dental caries lesionthrough the application of D1_4MFS (Manji et al, 1989) and stimulated salivary samples were collected. Salivary flowrate and pH were estimated. Viable count of mutans streptococci (on Mitis- Salivarius Bacitracin Agar) andlactobacilli (on Rogosa) was determined.Results: The mean values of caries-severity were recorded to be highest among study groups compared to thecontrol with statistically highly significant difference (p<0.01). Lowest values of salivary pH and flow rate were amongstudy groups compared to the control with highly significant difference (p<0.01). Concerning Mutans Streptococciand Lactobacilli were found that the mean values of them for uncontrolled diabetic group were highly significanthigher than both mean values of controlled diabetic group and control group.Conclusion: Dental caries revealed higher percentage of occurrence and severity among uncontrolled diabeticgroup. Furthermore there was significant influence of the diabetic and the poor metabolic control on the salivaryflow rat, pH, mutans streptococci and Lactobacilli that have an effect on caries occurrence and severity