TY - JOUR ID - TI - Evaluation of nano surface modification on CPTi dental implant using chemical method: mechanical and histological evaluation AU - Ban Nahal Shukur AU - Raghdaa Karem Jassim رغداء كريم جاسم PY - 2015 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 8 EP - 14 JO - Journal of baghdad college of dentistry مجلة كلية طب الاسنان بغداد SN - 18171869 23115270 AB - Background The application of nanotechnology to biomedical surfaces is explained by the ability of cells to interactwith nanometric features. The aim of this study was to consider the role of nanoscale topographic modification of CPTidental implant using chemical etching method for the purpose of improving osseointegration.Materials and methods: Commercial pure titanium rod was machined into 20 dental implants. Each implant wasmachined in diameter about 3mm, length of 8mm (5mm was threaded part and 3mm was flat part). Implants wereprepared and divided into 2 groups according to the types of surface modification method used: 1st group (10implant) remained without nano surface modification (control), 2nd group include (10 implant) etched with 15N H2SO4and 30% H2O2, Surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Xray diffraction (XRD), atomicforce microscope (AFM), thickness measurement for the invitro experiments. While for invivo part tibia of 5 white newZealand rabbits were chosen as implantation sites. The tibia of each rabbit received two screws. Biomechanical testwas performed to understand the bone-implant interface, after two weeks healing periods. Implants from 4animalswere tested for the torque required to remove the implant from the bone and the other one animal was prepared forhistological examination.Results and Conclusion: For in vitro results, scanning electron microscope showed that the chemical etching of Tisubstrate becomes highly porous and has surface consisting of nanosized pits. Removal torque means value after 2weeks of implantation mentioned that, there was a gradual increase in the removal torque mean values as a follow(M±SD): 12.625(N.cm) ± 0.517, 30.500(N.cm) ± 4.071for machined surface(X), nano chemically etched (X1) respectively.In addition, the histological analysis showed improved quality of bone in response to the nano modified screws, thatthe chemically treated implants shows trabeculated thread

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