TY - JOUR ID - TI - Distribution of red cell antigens according to ABO, Rh and other rare blood group systems in Kurdish ethnicity AU - Hisham A. Getta AU - Shaema S.Amin AU - Najmaddin Khoshnaw AU - Belal A. Muhammad PY - 2016 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 80 JO - Iraq Joural of Hematology المجلة العراقية لامراض الدم SN - 20728069 25432702 AB - Background: Among more than 30 blood group systems, nine of them namely ABO, Rh, Kell, Kidd,Duffy, MNS, P, Lewis and Lutheran are considered to be clinically significant. The distributions of theseblood groups are different between populations across the world. Studies about the frequency of bloodgroups in Kurdish ethnicity are very limited in the literature.Objectives: to explore the distribution of red cell antigens and phenotypes of various blood groupsamong Kurdish population using different systems.Materials and Methods: five thousand blood donors attending the central blood bank of Sulaymaniyahprovince were randomly selected and tested for ABO and Rh antigens (D, C, c, E, & e) by using tubemethod. 500 donors were randomly selected and further analyzed using other blood group systems.Results: In the ABO system, the most common phenotype was O (37%), followed by A (32.6%), B(22.8%) and AB (7.6%). Among the Rh blood group antigens, e was the most common (95.2%) followedby D (91.3%), C (74.8%), c (69.4%), and E (30.6%) with DCe/DCe(R1R1) and dce/dce(rr) being themost common phenotypes among Rh-D+ve and Rh-D-ve groups, respectively. The most commonphenotypes for other blood systems were as follow; Kell(K-k+,94%), Kidd(jk a+b+,44.5%), Duffy(fya+b+,45%), Lutheran(Lu a-b+,92%), Lewis(Le a-b+,54.5%), P(P1,76%), MNS(M+N+S-s+,40%)Conclusion: the various red cell antigens recorded by different blood grouping systems in this study wasintermediate between the European and Asian countries with some specificity to the Kurds populationreflecting the distinct geographical area and preserved ethnic background of the Kurds in the region.Keywords: ABO, Rhesus (Rh), red cell antigen, Kurdish ethnicity.

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