TY - JOUR ID - TI - Prevalence and Patterns of Astigmatic Refractive Errors in a Sample of Normal Iraqi Adults AU - Alyaa Abood Kereem AU - Imad Salih Mehdy AU - Mohamed Dhahir Adhab PY - 2020 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 2287 EP - 2292 JO - Karbala Journal of Medicine مجلة كربلاء الطبية SN - 19905483 29580889 AB - Background: Astigmatism is an important clinical and public health issue, it is one of major refractive errors affecting population, persistent astigmatism will cause ametropia and reduced visual acuity by prohibiting the formation of a clear image on the retina which will result in poor work performance.Subjects and Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted in Ibn Al-Haitham teaching eye hospital from 10th of January 2017 to 20th of August 2018, volunteers with best corrected vis-ual acuity of 6/6 were investigated. Evaluation of visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp bio mi-croscopy and fundoscopy were performed for each participant. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Only phakic eye that could be reliably refracted without a pre-vious history of ocular surgery were included. Data were collected and analysed using multi-ple logistic regression models, p value of less than 0.05% was considered statistically signifi-cantResults: 400 eyes of 200 participants were investigated in this study of whom 53.5% were males, as shown in table 1. The prevalence of astigmatism was 34.25%.Astigmatism significantly increased from 11.5 % in the participants of 18-22 years old to 60% in the participants over 58‑years old (P < 0.001), as shown in table 2. The prevalence of With-The-Rule, Against-The-Rule, and Oblique astigmatism was 11.7%, 20.3% and 2.25%, respec-tively. Against-The-Rule significantly increased with age (P < 0.001). The mean corneal astigmatism was 0.73 D which linearly increased with age (P < 0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, 34.25% of our sample was having astigmatism according to the definition in this study, which means astigmatism is a common issue in our society. This study found that against the rule astigmatism increase with age.

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