TY - JOUR ID - TI - Ethosomes as pharmaceutical novel drug delivery technique: AU - Ihab Dahham Hammoodi AU - Hiba Sabah Sabry AU - Ashti M.H. Saeed AU - Zahraa Mohammed Kadhim PY - 2022 VL - 1 IS - 20 SP - 272 EP - 291 JO - kerbala journal of pharmaceutical sciences مجلة كربلاء للعلوم الصيدلانية SN - 22217207 AB - Skin is one of the largest organs acts as a barrier against local and systemic impacts. Hydrophilic and high molecular weight medications are unable to penetrate the Stratum Corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin.Ethosomes are vehicles that permit drugs to enter deeper layers of the skin’s blood circulation without the need for surgical intervention. "Smooth vesicles" called ethosomes act as novel vesicular carriers for the delivery of active substances to/via the skin. The majority of them are composed of ethanol, water, and phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidic acid).Due to their amphiphilic characteristics, ethosomes can function as a capsule for the delivery and transportation of both lipophilic and hydrophilic medicines through the skin. Ethosomes have the highest concentration of ethanol, at a rate of 45 percent, compared to other vesicles that function as drug delivery vehicles. Ethosomes are liposomes that contain a lot of ethanol. Ethosomes range in size from tens of nanometers to microns. They can deliver medications to the deep skin or systemic circulation by penetrating through the dermal layers of the skin.

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