@Article{, title={Study of Natural Convection in a Horizontal Square Enclosure with 4-Inner Heated Rods دراسة نظرية للحمل الحر داخل فجوة افقية مسخنة بأربعة قضبان اسطوانية}, author={Muneer A. Ismael and Falah A. Abood and Sana J. Yaseen}, journal={University of Thi-Qar Journal for Engineering Sciences مجلة جامعة ذي قار للعلوم الهندسية}, volume={2}, number={3}, pages={19-34}, year={2011}, abstract={Laminar, natural convection heat transfer of air filling horizontal space between isothermal (cold) square enclosure and four isothermal (hot) cylindrical rods has been theoretically studied. Finite element method has been used to solve the conservation of governing equations by using software package (FlexPDE).Parametric study has been conducted for the range of Rayliegh number10,Aspect ratio 0.11AR0.28. Results are presented in the form of streamlines, isotherms contours and Nusselt numbers. Results showed that the overall heat transfer increases with increasing of both Ra and AR. The values of mean Nusselt numbers are compared with datareported in Ref.[6] and [15] , and good agreement has been achieved.3 Ra10 5

} }