TY - JOUR ID - TI - Cultural context and text analysis السياق الثقافي وتحليل النص AU - Basheer S. saher بشير سعيد سهر PY - 2006 VL - 30 IS - 2-A SP - 4 EP - 23 JO - Journal of Basra researches for Human Sciences مجلة ابحاث البصرة للعلوم الأنسانية SN - 27073580 27073599 AB - It is meant by the cultural context, the study of the cultural aspects of the language conventions traditions behaviors, ideology it's thought, and social systems either regarding the text as it expresses it's community and the author as a member of the community or the reader as a part of the community of the analysis or interpretation(explanation) are. The study of the linguistics of the text and conventions of it's community is one of the most important aspects that should be taken in to consideration when analyzing the text, for the language is the vessel which contains the culture of the community. Also, each language has its own approach in imagining things. This study is divided into two parts.1-The study of the linguistics of the text and what is concerned with the convention and the linguistics grammatical conventions. Here, we considered the differences of the reader of linguistics(the interpreter or the analyzer) from the linguistics of the text and the development of the language through eras and it's differences as to the differences of category.2-The study of the linguistics of the author(his creativity or as the text owner) as each author has a special linguistics or manner of writing, in addition to the meaning of the word or the synthesis in his mind and it's meaning for the community as a result of his personal experience. The meaning which the reader gets is the meaning which wants but it may not the actual meaning which the author mat want; therefore one should study be the bibliography of the author the occasion of the text it's objectives, the era of the text to identify the real meaning of the author .There is no one similar understanding of the text but it's various and different analyses and interpretations because each reader has his own culture ideology thought trends and all these matters impose him to read the text from a specified point of view or a adopt an interpretation in his mind there are factors influence that the understanding of the text by the reader. They include the time of reading the text in respect of it’s nearness and distance from the time of text the age of the reader and his cultural differences his experience in his youth and underage from adulthood and anecdotage, the objective from reading the text(his analysis or interpretation, and the relation of the reader with the author and the effects.

بدأ الحاجة إلى تحليل النص وإظهار معناه في وقت مبكر عند المجتمعات جميعها، ولاسيما بعد تقدم الزمن وتطور معاني الألفاظ والتراكيب، ونسيان الظروف والملابسات التي تحيط بالنص وما لها من أهمية في فهم المعنى. وظهرت هناك مصطلحات عدة في هذا الشأن كالمعنى، والدلالة، والتفسير إلى أن وصل إلى مرحلة التأويل وهي مرحلة متطورة لأن التأويل عملية تتعلق بالعقل، وهو لا يظهر ((إلا في مرحلة تبلغ فيها الثقافة والعلم عند الأمم مبلغاً كبيراً)). وظهر بعد ذلك ما يسمى بما وراء التأويل، وتأويل التأويل.ومما يلحظ في عملية في عملية فهم النص وتحليله إننا لا نجد هناك فهماً واحداً له بل هناك تحليلات وتفسيرات عدة له على الرغم من ان النص واحد لا يتغير، فنلحظ ان هذا الفهم والتحليل يختلف من شخص إلى آخر، ومن مجتمع إلى آخر، ومن زمن إلى زمن، بل قد يختلف هذا الفهم عند الفرد نفسه، فيفهم النص في كبره بشكل مخالف لفهمه في مرحلة شبابه وصغره نتيجة لتطور ثقافته وخبرته ونظرته إلى الأشياء، وهذا ما يدور عليه محور البحث. ER -