TY - JOUR ID - TI - يهود يثرب في ضوء الآيات القرآنية AU - إيمان كاظم مزعل العبودي PY - 2012 VL - IS - 32 SP - 171 EP - 217 JO - journal of Islamic science college مجلة كلية العلوم الاسلامية SN - 20578626 27078841 AB - At the end of my research, I concluded that the Jewish society is sick and could not wash itself from the past filths, leading to its failure in forming a social, progressive and independent environment. We do not find among the Jews philosophical and artistic or moral and ethical cultures for they were not a people but a religious sect. The Holy Quran addressed the Jews (Bani Israel) and made the ancient and contemporary Jews in the setting of an address, a context and one series in a number of Holy Quranic verses, through which the relation established among these and those which made them issue from the same characteristics and one nature.Accordingly and through this relation, we are certain that the Jews at the time of the Messenger of God (God bless him and his family and grant them salvation) who were in the Medina were from Bani Israel and not from Judaized Arab tribes. The Talmudic were thinking that they were from a clay differed from the human clay, that the heaven and earth were not created for anybody else but them and that they were gods on earth. Through this naïve thinking, we see that Judaism had failed in eliminating the religious disorder predominant then and that Judaism were but a worldly physical law related to the Moses' (peace be upon him) teachings in name only. The predominance of the Jews in Medina and the monopoly of the economic resources, yet they had no influence over Medina from the political and warfare aspects which authority were at the hands of the Aus and Khazraj. The Jews hated the Prophet Mohammed (God bless him and his family and grant them salvation) and looked at him and Islam with a fearful eye since the first instance. The Holy Quran declared in many of its Holy verses that the Jews' refusal to enter Islam and to follow Mohammed (God bless him and his family and grant them salvation) was due to tyranny and envy and not due to proof and demonstration. The Messenger of God (God bless him and his family and grant them salvation) was generous in his treatment of the Jews to the maximum generosity because they were the holder of a heaven religion despite their aggressive attitude toward Islam. They continued their conspicuous war once and the secret war another as well as they violated their pledges they held with the Messenger of God (God bless him and his family and grant them salvation). Thus, Messenger of God (God bless him and his family and grant them salvation) was forced to fight them and get rid of the danger threatening the safety and security of Islam and Muslims therefore, he surrounded them tribe by tribe and cleared al-Medina from them. In the Holy Quran, there were enough information about the Jews, so it was one of the most important sources talked about the history of the Jews and their relationships with the Arabs and their attitude towards the Islamic call. The researcher

الحمد لله الذي أختص لذاته العلية بقوله السامي:)لَا يُسْأَلُ عَمَّا يَفْعَلُ وَهُمْ يُسْأَلُونَ) ( ) وجعل الناس أحزاباً وفرقاً وقد تراهم بجهل وعلِمَ كافة اليه يسألون، وأرسل إليهم رسلاً وأنبياءً جمّة، وأحصى بمحمد خاتم المرسلين، وأمرنا بالصلاة والسلام عليهم وعلى آلهم وأصحابهم أجمعين.أما بعد:فمن خلال تتبعي لتاريخ اليهود يتضح لنا أنهم جماعات متناثرة في أرجاء الأرض حاملة معها تفكيرها البدائي الذي يذهب إلى أن بني إسرائيل خير الأمم، الأمر الذي أدى إلى غرورهم واستعلائهم العنصري واحتقارهم لشعوب الأرض كلها.لهذا تمكن الاسرائليون من أن يتكتلوا ويكونوا وحدات اجتماعية متعصبة، لا نشاهدها لدى بقية شعوب العالم، رغماً عن الاضطهاد والتشتت اللذين صادفوهما في فترات كثيرة من تاريخهم( ).ويزعم اليهود أنهم أمة كباقي الأمم،بينما لا نجد مظاهر الوطنية والقومية لها أثر في حياتهم، فضلاً عن حرمانهم من الوطن، وهجرهم للغتهم العبرية.أما بخصوص علاقاتهم مع العرب فهي تعود إلى أقدم العصور وهي علاقات سياسية وحضارية، وقد قام صراع طويل بين الفريقين على مر العصور التاريخية، اثر في الأحداث السياسية العالمية إلى جانب دوره الحضاري وأثره في الحياة الفكرية. ER -