TY - JOUR ID - TI - Epidemiological Study of Measles in Al- Kadhimiyia Teaching Hospital AU - Lamia Abdul Karim AU - Ali Kadhim Al-Husainawi PY - 2013 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 213 EP - 222 JO - Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal المجلة العراقية للاختصاصات الطبية SN - 83601608 98932708 AB - ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Measles is a highly communicable disease caused by the measles virus. The disease ismarked by prodromal fever, conj unctivitis, coryza, cough, and the pathognomonic koplikspots followed by an erythematous maculopapular rash. Infection confers lifelong immunity. OBJECTIVE:Find out the frequency of measles in the hospital admitted cases in chi l dr en ≤ 12year s accor di ng t o t he vaccination and nutritional status,The causes of non-vaccination andthe vaccine efficiency in preventing measles.The incidence of measles in the exclusively breastfed infants.The presenting signs and symptoms, commonest complications, investigations and theoutcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS:A prospective study was performed from the 1st of January to the 1known as rubeola and is marked by prodromalfever, conjunctivitis, coryza, cough, andpathognomonic Koplik spots, followed by anerythematous maculopapular rash on the 3rd to 7day. Infection confers life-long immunity. st of May in the year 2009, inAl-Kadhimiyia Teaching Hospital.The data was collected through a questionnaire askeddirectly to the parents, and all the patients were systemically examined and followed up clinicallyuntil they discharged home or unfortunately died.The collected data was analyzed and adjustedusing the SPSS version 10 statistical programs.RESULTS:The incidence of measles was (44.29 %).Most of cases were living in crowded houses, allpatients had positive history of contact, mostly during a visit to a medical health facility (49.3%).All age groups were affected by measles, mostly in the 1st (27 %) and the nd (19 %) yearsof life.Higher incidence was reported in males (53.5 %).Most of the cases were nonvaccinated(86.25 %) with non-vaccinated mothers as well (85.25 %). Nineteen percent ofthe cases were malnourished. The incidence was lowest in the exclusively breast fed infants (1.5%).Measles mostly presented with fever for ≥ 3 days (100 %), rash (100 %) and conjunctivitis(98.25 %).The commonest complications were pneumonia (62.75 %), diarrhea (40.25 %).The majority of patients who had developed convulsions had normal CSF analysis results (76.7%). CXR reported pneumonic consolidation in (62.75 %) of the patients. Ninety percent of caseswere discharged home and (10 %) died. CONCLUSION:Measles is higher in the crowded places, in infants and toddlers, in males, in the nonvaccinated,and less in the exclusively breast fed infants. It is more severe in themalnourished patients. Vaccination is the most important preventive measure against measles.Measles mostly present with fever, maculopapular rash, and conjunctivitis, with the mostcommon complications are pneumonia, diarrhea, and encephalitis.The disease usually has no or little effect on the blood counts and CSF analyses, and CXRdocument pneumonic consolidation in the majority of cases.Measles is still a serious disease with high fatality rat

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