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Dyslipidaemia is a well documented and a common finding in patients with CRF and its prevalence is higher than in general population. Lipid profile has been studied in 50 patients with CRF excluding patients on hemodialysis or renal transplantation, and in 48 normal subjects of matched age and sex as a control. Also the proteinuria in GUE was assessed and a history of hypertension was evaluated in patients group. Dyslipidemia was found in 80% of patients with CRF who have significantly higher s. triglyceride and VLDL-C and lower HDL-C levels than control (P value <0.0005 for triglyceride and HDL-C and < 0.005 for VLDL-C). The commonest abnormality was hypertiglyceridemia (56%). The frequencies of other lipid abnormalities were as follows: low HDL-C level (52%), high LDL-C level (32%), and hypercholesterolemia (22%). Among patients with abnormal lipid profile, 70% of them have hypertension, and the same percentage have proteinuria. The dyslipidemia distributed evenly along the course of renal failure, so it can occurs in the early course of CRF as well as in the late one. In conclusion, dyslipidaemia is present in a significant number of patients with CRF regardless of the duration of renal failure; also it is significantly associated with hypertension and/or proteinuria.

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Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive blood disorder which has a life-long implication in both patients and their families. This study was performed at Al-Diwaniya maternity and children teaching hospital from the 1st of October 2016 to the 1st of January 2017. The total number of patients involved in our study were one-hundred three, all of them were diagnosed with ß – thalassemia major, were subjected to frequent blood transfusion and were on chelating agent. Both patients groups were evaluated with full history (age, gender, time of diagnosis, the rate of transfusion per year, the type and dose of the chelating agent), and were examined for their weight, height and BMI, serum ferritin was also performed for all of them. There was a significant difference in mean age and height of patients on desferal and those on exjade. The rate of transfusion was significantly greater in the group of patients treated with desferal. Serum ferritin was significantly higher in patients treated with desferal than patients treated with exjade. There was a significant correlation between gender of patients and serum ferritin in the group of patients treated with desferal, also there was a significant negative correlation between the dose of the drug and serum ferritin in those treated with exjade.

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We conducted a scientific study for one year at the Specialized Center for Diabetes (Iraq – Samawa) on the rate of increase of white cataract (eye water). Patients were 280 diabetic / type II of aged ≥ 40 years with reduce the development of disease and collected randomly, included women and men. The files of patients were reviewed and the nature of the process the disease of high risk of obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, high urea, creatinine, and COPD, were involved in this scientific study for a full year at the specialized center for diabetes (Iraq- samawa). Patients were divided to four groups (4 codes); the first is the patient pre – diabetes (30) patient and the second were diabetic (130) patient and the third chronic diabetes (98) patient and the fourth (22) patient under control there is no diabetes. Work was accomplished by the help of the ophthalmologist in diagnosis, transfer and follow-up before injury cataract and after injury cataract and necessary surgery for the two patients We have the main goal of preparing the patient for follow-up and medical treatment by controlling blood sugar and the various risk factors that threaten the life of the patient and during the work). The medications; Metaformin, Daonil, Amyral, Novenorm, Statin, Asprin, Saxaglaptin were used in this study. All precautions to maintain the health of the patients and improve the living, also reducing the rate of diabetes and cataracts eye clearly and according to the census. The age after 65 years were the most vulnerable to cataracts and females (9 -16%) are more likely than men (6% -11%) to have cataracts, as conclusion; the irregular diabetes is a risk factor of cataracts with the cooperation of other factors like age.

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Until the 10th week of pregnancy, the corpus luteum produce the most of progesterone hormone. Zinc and potassium allow the thyroid hormone to enter the cell and then to be converted to the active form known as T3. Estrogen can cause copper retention if zinc or progesterone levels are too low. The aim of this study is to estimate the effect of synthetic progesterone taken during pregnancy on the increasing risk of congenital hypothyroidism in newborn. A case control study comparing neonates born to mothers whom received synthetic progesterone during pregnancy to neonates of mothers with no history of receiving synthetic progesterone. Neonates with abnormal thyroid function test were recorded. The serum values of T4, T3, TSH were done for all included mothers to exclude any thyroid disease. Mothers with suspected thyroid disorders, use of antiseptics, drugs, or any agents containing iodine were not included. Preterm neonates and those with suspected thyroid agenesis (by thyroid ultrasonography) were also not included. Women received synthetic progesterone had neonates with abnormal thyroid function test. This is significantly associated with the timing and duration of synthetic progesterone use in gestational period. In conclusion; the use of synthetic Progesterone during gestational period is associated with increased risk of congenital hypothyroidism.

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Basophil is one of the granulocytes leukocytes that has many functions, one of them is the secretion of heparin. The aim study is investigated the correlate the basophilic count with the low endogenous heparin and thrombosis in the deep veins and the thromboembolism. A cross-sectional study conducted at Al Sader Medical City (radiology unit, Doppler unit study and emergency room) during the period from December 2015 to February 2017 included 203 patients with diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by Ultrasonic Doppler study or pulmonary embolism (PE) by CT pulmonary angiography. A group of 205 subjects without evidence of DVT were used as a control. One hundred sixty seven patients (82.3%) had DVT for first time, while 14 (6.9%) had recurrent DVT, and 22 (10.8%) had PE. The total male number has thromboembolism disease 52 but total female number is 151 with a male to female ratio was 1: 2.9. At current study founded the basophil percent and basophil count in patient with thromboembolism disease was decreased than normal value, The mean basophil percent in thromboembolism disease was 0.35% ± 0.28% while mean basophil count is 30 ± 26, It had been significantly found that basophil percent and basophilic cell count had a strong association with thromboembolism. Basophil percent had a sensitivity of 82%, specificity 79.5% and accuracy of 80.8%. The corresponding values of these parameters for the basophil count were 85%, 73.2% and 79.1%. In conclusion; both low basophil percent and the basophilic count are significantly associated with DVT, recurrent DVT and PE.

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We reported 38-year-old female patient who complained of pain and recurrent episodes of right knee joint swelling for the last 15 years. After anamnesis, physical examination and radiographic imaging and magnetic resonance were diagnosed with arborescent lipoma of the knee, and the patient underwent two operations, 1st one arthroscopic surgery for resection of the lesion (partially), 2nd one [after 2 years] open arthrotomy. Histopathology for biopsy was done for both operations, which confirmed the presence of benign synovial tissue and fragments of adipose tissue present beneath the synovial surface. Postoperatively, on 2-years follow-up, the patient was free of pain and devoid of any mechanical symptoms, but all sudden patient developed pain limping, and swelling in the same right knee joint, the same steps of clinical examination and investigations as mentioned above was done, MRI showing the recurrence of the lesion.

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Cryopreservation is a process where cells or whole tissues are preserved by cooling to low sub-zero temperatures, such as (typically) -80°C or -196°C and this process use extensively in programs of in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study is an attempt to evaluate DNA fragmentation in the cell after cryopreservation/thawing cycle when using different types of cryoprotectant (CPA), sixty mature fertile male mice were used in the current study, the mean age of these mice were ten weeks. Fifteen of them were considered as control group and the rest (forty five) as cryopreserved group, this group was divided into three subgroup according to the type of cryoprotectant (glycerol, 1, 2 propanediol and dimethylsulfoxide), each subgroup composed from fifteen mice. The testes were cryopreserved for six weeks then DNA fragmentation assay was done by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Comet results of the present study showed a highly significant (P<0.0001) increase in DNA damage in the cryopreserved testis (33.26%, 38.8% and 30.6% represent cryoprotectant glycerol, 1, 2 propanediol and dimethylsulfoxide respectively) compared with control group (23.06%) after six weeks of cryopreservation. From the results of the present study, it was concluded that there was increase the levels of DNA fragmentation in the testicular tissue after cryopreservation /thawing cycle differs according to the type of cryoprotectant, Dimethylsulfoxide cryoprotectant provides good protection to the testicular tissue and DNA in cryopreservation /thawing cycle than glycerol and 1, 2 propanediol.

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