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Hypothyroid is a relatively common disease worldwide. It defined as clinical state resulting from insufficient secretion of thyroid hormone due to structural and or functional impairment of thyroid hormone production. Hypothyroid affect all organ systems including respiratory system although the respiratory manifestations are seldom the major compliant in hypothyroidism. This involvement has been attributed to decrease in both expiratory and inspiratory muscles strength , alveolar hypoventilation and decrease in maximal breathing capacity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the spirometry in patients with hypothyroidism. A case control study was done in the period between February 2016 to March 2017 in the center of endocrinology in Al-Sadr Medical City, Najaf, Iraq. Thirty patients with hypothyroidism and thirty age and sex matched controls were recruited. Simple spirometry, oxygen saturation, anthropometric and thyroid function were performed. Hypothyroid patients showed FVC was significant lower as compared to control group while other parameters SPO2, FEV1, FEV1/FVC were statistically insignificant. Nine (30%) hypothyroid patients had restrictive pulmonary function test. SPO2, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were significantly associated with T4 level with direct significant correlation. In conclusion, respiratory system can be affected in hypothyroid patients in a restrictive pattern.

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Background: pulmonary function can change with age for normal individual's .Spirometric measurement for the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the forced vital capacity and the ratio (FEV1/FVC) can reveal airway obstruction and the consequence change in pulmonary performance. These parameters can be different for different race /ethnic and gender.Methods: Pulmonary function test were carried out on 29normal male and 37 normal female the test parameters were FEV1 and FVC from which the ratio of FEV1/FVC %was calculated in relation to age. Iraqi average for FEV1 and FVC and FEV1/FVC % has also been obtainedResults: results of these tests reveled that the ratio of FEV1/FVC % is almost the same for individual's ages between 20-60 and a significant depression in the value of the ratio FEV1/FVC % for ages > 60 years.Conclusion: the effect may be linked with some changes in the airways in addition to the increased weakness in the muscles in the old age people. Keyword: spirometry, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and non-smokers healthy subjects

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A cross sectional study carried out in Gynecological consultancy department of AL-Zahraa Teaching Hospital for Gynecology and Pediatrics in AL-Najaf city for period from 1st of November, 2014 to end of May, 2015 on convenient sample two hundred pregnant women. The data were collected through direct interview (in private room) and fulfilling of prepared questionnaire. Pulmonary function test parameters (FEV1, FVC, FEV1% and PEFR) changes were estimated by using Spirolab III tool. A significant lower means of FEV1% and PEFR were observed among asthmatic pregnant women than non – asthmatic (p˂ 0.001), there is a statistically significant lower means of BMI and FEV1% of pregnant women in 2nd trimester than 3rd trimester (p˂ 0.001). A significant higher means of FVC, FEV1 and PEFR for pregnant women were observed in 2nd trimester than 3rd trimester (p˂ 0.001).

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Background: Pulmonary function test depends on a number of physiological factors as height, age, gender and race. Reference mathematical equations are used to determine a normal range of spirometric results which in turn are used clinically to determine whether the results measured in any individual fall within a range to be expected in a healthy person of the same gender, height and age.Objectives: To derive the prediction equation for healthy, non smoking Iraqi subjects. Methods: The study was conducted in Baghdad (IRAQ) on one hundred eighty two (182) healthy, nonsmoking subjects between 20 to 60 years of age were included in the study. The subjects included were 79 males and 103 females whose pulmonary volumes and capacities were measured by spirometry.Results: The prediction equation was derived first and then the reference values were then calculated for forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1) and force vital capacity (FVC). The values for both parameters were found to be lower by about 5.58% and 6.14% in females and 4.78% and 12.65% in males, respectively, when compared to researchers done on Caucasians.Conclusion: Pulmonary function test reference values and prediction equations for both sexes between the ages of 20-60 years were derived for a sample of healthy, nonsmoking, Iraqi population. A considerable difference was found between prediction equations and reference values obtained in present study compared with other studies conducted in western countries.Keywords: FEV1, FVC, Spirometry, Iraqi subjects, smoking

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ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND:Spirometry is the recommended investigation for diagnosis and categorization of the severity of the air flow limitation, however Spirometer is not widely available, while Peak-flow meter is cheap, portable, and easy to operate and maintain, so the PEF is frequently proposed as alternative to FEV1 for this purpose, and widely used in general practice as a surrogate for FEV1 in assessment of airway obstruction diseases.OBJECTIVE:To determine effect of FEV1 & PEF in obstructive airway diseases.PATIENTS AND METHODS:This study was took place between 1st December 2006 and 1st July 2007in Baghdad teaching hospital. A total of 100 patients with history suggestive of obstructive airway diseases (symptoms of cough, wheezes, shortness of breath, and chest tightness), and their pulmonary function test show obstructive pattern (FEV1/FVC <70%) were included. They were (60%) male and (40%) female, and their age ranged from 16 to 82 years.RESULTS:In screening for obstructive airway diseases, there was a significant relationship (P value <0.05) between FEV1% and PEF%, (94%) of patients with obstructive airway disease as assessed byFEV1% (FEV1 %< 80%) had PEF %< 80%.In severity categorization, the PEF% and FEV1% were concordant in only (60%) of patients, with better concordance as severity of obstruction (based on FEV1%) became more. In patients with mild to moderate airway obstruction (FEV1%>40%), PEF% tended to underestimate FEV1%; while in patients with more severe obstruction (FEV1 %< =40%), PEF% tended to overestimate FEV1%. For the entire study population, PEF% underestimated FEV1% by mean of only 0.35%. However, limits of agreement were wide and exceeded-/+ 14.5. In our study 70% of patients had discordance more than 5% apart between PEF% and FEV1%, (which could be considered clinically important error for estimation of severity of airway obstruction), and this discordance more marked in women, short patients, and in patients with mild airway obstruction.CONCLUSION:The PEF% can reliably exclude airway obstruction, when normal value is present. Assumption of parity between PEF% and FEV1% must be avoided especially in categorization of severity of air way obstruction

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Methods: We report spirometric findings in 108 individuals. All were to complete a short questionnaire and were studied by spirometry.Results: Positive response to questionnaire was noticed in 66.7%; 33.3% had no clinical complain and thus negative response. The positive response was particularly common in males who were smoker or ex-smokers. All patients were studied by spirometry which showed that 70.4% had normal spirometric pattern and 29.6% had obstructive pattern. The patients' mean age was not significantly correlated to the response of questionnaire and in determining the spirometric pattern. On the contrary to the questionnaire response, the correlation between spirometric results and socio-demographic characteristics of patients was not significant. Most importantly, the study had shown no significant association between the spirometric results (obstructive or normal) and the clinical response to questionnaire.Conclusions: Routine office spirometry has to be offered to all individuals elder than 33 years whether they have positive or negative response to questionnaire.

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Background & objectives: Examination of the respiratory system by pulmonary function tests has been evolved as clinical tool in diagnosis, management and following up of respiratory diseases because it provides objective information about the state of an individual’s respiratory system. The present study aimed at evaluating pulmonary function among the smokers students of medical college of Babylon University and to compare their data with that of non-smokers students.Methods: A total of 80 (45 smokers students and 35 healthy young subjects) were randomly sampled for the study from the medical college of the Babylon University. The study population (20-25 year age group) had similar socioeconomic background. Each subject filled up the questionnaire to record their personal demographic data, health status. Subjects with any history of pulmonary diseases were excluded from the study.Results: The study showed significant differences between smoker and non-smoker groups regarding forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and body mass index (BMI) (P ≤ 0.05), few of students had changes in respiratory function (mild obstruction), there was also significant relation between FEV1 and pack year, the students were not heavy smokers, no female student was found to be smoker.Conclusions: From the present study it can be concluded that the students in all groups have normal range of pulmonary function, most of the students smoke few number of cigarettes, and the smoking had considerable effect on lung function.

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Background: There is an increasing evidence that vitamin D3 improves lung function in respiratory diseased subjects. Higher plasma vitamin D3 concentrations are also linked to better lung function in several communities.Objectives: To study the effects of single oral vitamin D3 supplementation (600 IU) on lung function in healthy non-smoking young Iraqi subjects.Methodology: Spirometric tests represented by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first one second (FEV1) and forced expiratory volume ratio (FEV%) were done for 82 healthy non-smoking young Iraqi college students (38 males and 44 females) in two occasions one month apart (first and second visits). They were divided into two main groups: Control group (CRL) and Vitamin D3 group (VTD). CRL group contained 42 subjects (18 males and 24 females) who didn't receive oral vitamin D3 supplementation. VTD group contained 40 subjects (20 males and 20 females) who received single oral vitamin D3 supplementation (600 IU). The ages of the study population were the same (20 years) and their heights were not significantly different within each sex.Results: It was found that FVC and FEV1 (but not FEV%) were significantly higher (from 80 ml to 130 ml) in the second visit than in the first visit in both groups (VTD and CRL) and in either sex (all p<0.05). Conclusion: Depending on the results of present research; it is concluded that in healthy non-smoking Iraqi subjects; vitamin D3 doesn't seem to have positive effects on spirometric measurements other than these observed in control subjects.

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Background: Spirometry is important test performed in patients expect to have air way obstruction, assessment of intense reaction to inhalers (the trial of reversibility of air way blockade) is a normally utilized technique in clinical and academic studies. The consequences of this test are utilized to take choices on treatment, consideration, exclusion from diagnosis and other research thinks about, and for analytic marking [asthma versus chronic obstructive air way disease (COPD)]. Usually, the (FEV1) or (FVC) standards before and after giving of the bronchodilator are compared and the adjustment is processed to distinguish variations from the norm in lung volumes and air flow.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of FVC and PEFR as further constraints to evaluate bronchodilator reaction in asthmatic peoples with severe or moderate airflow blockade.Patients and methods: This study is cross sectional studyperformed in Baghdad teaching hospital where one hundred patient were enrolled in this study patients were detected with asthma and confirm airway blockade according to (GINA) guidelines.The pulmonary function for all members were investigated with a convenient spirometer (spiro-lab3 Spirometer) as stated by those measures from claiming American thoracic particular social order,The mean and standard deviation results of predicted% values pulmonary function test were also used for comparisons were measured by t-test. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 considered to be significant statistically.Results: The post bronchodilator (post –BD) results of FVC, PEFR are greater than pre- bronchodilator where are statistically significant P value = 0.00. the amount of the changes of FVC post (BD) was more than 400ml from pre (BD) and the amount of the changes of PEFR post (BD) more than 1000ml from the pre (BD) both were p value = 0.00.Conclusion: The asthmatic patients with moderate and severe airway obstruction, we observed that FVC and PEFR is a valuable important limit to FEV1 to evaluate reversibility reaction

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Background: Microbial exposures have been suggested to confer protection from allergic disorders, and reduced exposures to gastrointestinal microbes have been proposed as an explanation for the increase in asthma severity and prevalence. Since the general prevalence of Helicobacter pylori has been decreasing, we hypothesized that H. pylori serostatus may be inversely related to the severity of asthma. Objective: The aim of this study is to find whether infection with H.pylori reduces the probability of development of severe asthma in patients with persistent asthma.Patients and methods: In this study fifty patients with persistent asthma includes 19 males and 31 females their ages range from (17 – 66) years For all those patients, full history and complete physical examination have been done, then after, the patients subjected to pulmonary function test. After that, two milliliters sample of venous blood have been drawn, then, the sample centrifuged and sent to assess for H.pylori infection serology. Data was analyzed by using SPSS.Results: There is significant association between severity of asthma and result of H.pylori so with increase severity of asthma there is decrease in percentage of positive H.pylori serology. And there is no statistical significant are noted between patients sex or age and results of H.pylori infection test. Conclusion: There is significant inverse association between severity of asthma and result of H.pylori infection serology. This association not affected by ages and sex of patients.Recommendations: Since the exact mechanism by which H.pylori affect asthma is not clear, there is need for further studies to explore it.

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