Abstarct

Completing a Teaching (TesL, TefL) program is the beginning of a life time of professional growth. Teaching is in itself, a continuous growth experience, since one really (learns) something only when asked to explain or teach it to others. Students are often our best teachers and you will learn from new students each term. Professional development is an ongoing process, one that evolves as you assess and reexamine your teaching beliefs and practices .It is self-empowerment and deciding to take the first step is your responsibility and that step is well worth taking . Therefore, this research has been tackled to shed the light on the main difficulties existing in the empowerment of Iraqi teachers of English through professional development activities It also aims at identifying and classifying these difficulties. To fulfill this aim, a sample of 100 teachers of English at the preparatory and intermediate schools in Diyla Governorate are considered to be the subjects of this research. A scaled questionnaire as an instrument of measurement is used in this research to be an investigatory tool. The results of this research proves that the hypothesis of this study which reads that Iraqi teachers of English face difficulties in their empowerment through professional development activities is verified and accepted.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

The relationship of media to the development of society in terms of how to use its multiple and sophisticated means to guide the public that seeks to achieve development in society, the need for information to keep pace with its development plans and works to create the participation of the public in the development process because it is the best trend to disseminate knowledge of the direction of political power on the issue Development as it (i.e. media) provides the desire for change and develops people's interest in changing their society for the betterThe research problem has been determined in the following question: Can the media be developed to take a developmental role in the society and how to invest the effective capabilities of these means in achieving comprehensive development? The research also aims to know some practical applications related to the role of media in achieving development

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

The development process basically is the process of interaction between the material resources of natural and human resources, so it is necessary to plan for each of these suppliers and guide the interaction between them in accordance did not serve the community through Investment energies of mankind, and method of maintenance and requires a reminder of the rational and planning organized and critic linked to an active reality and the goals educational institutions, can not be any organization or promotion of lift without taking consideration of the importance of investing in human target because it is the basis for any change or development taking place in various fields. The culture and awareness in the development conditions determine the ability to accommodate the conditions of transformation and change and understand the principles and objectives which are essential elements in building the character of individuals and refine the behavior of individual and collective and exceeded the values, habits and behavioral patterns of spam and the consolidation of ethical and professional values ​​and the development of concepts and work on the practice in line with the development of civilization ( Ibrahim, 1986, 35). Community is faced with difficult circumstances and the problems of considerable at various levels of social, psychological, educational, economic, and that these problems generate a kind of mental anguish and loss of psychological stability and lack of professional integrity, to escape or move away to bear the personal responsibility of individuals, but these circumstances are a kind of difficulties and crises faced by individuals and groups both, in the circumstances through which our society is the state of new and different life experiences past, as we find it has a lot of problems and experiences that require the efforts and give them enough time to overcome and respond to and compatibility with it (al-Shammari, 2005.2), and between these problems or the difficulties of non-professional integrity and the weakness of personal responsibility in the performance of tasks and completion of its image right on according to professional ethics and personal is governed by a set of laws, regulations and rules that serve as the approved standards will guide the behavior of individuals and evaluate their perversions (Zafir, 2005.2).

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

There are two basic types of symmetric cipher algorithms: block ciphers and stream ciphers. Block ciphers operate on blocks of plaintext and ciphertext—usually of 64 bits but sometimes longer. Stream ciphers operate on streams of plaintext and ciphertext one bit or byte (sometimes even one 32-bit word) at a time. With a block cipher, the same plaintext block will always encrypt to the same ciphertext block, using the same key. With a stream cipher, the same plaintext bit or byte will encrypt to a different bit or byte every time it is encrypted. Some of block cipher modes are used as a stream cipher mechanism.In this paper we introduce three developments of Block Cipher Modes of Operation. of Block cipher. These developments merge between advantages of Counter Mode with other Modes. This gives good secure Modes for General purpose block-oriented transmission Authentication, Random access, Stream-oriented transmission over noisy channel and real time system.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

Abstract: The subject of study of spatial development and local communities in Iraq and the world to the attention of many planners and decision makers involved in the planning of the spatial dimension as an expression of the importance of interaction and coherence between economic and spatial dimensions, which eventually lead to identify the economic structure of any space studied. For the purpose of ensuring the success of economic development of the place considered as represented by the effectiveness of existing economic activity, "whether intra or within the region through its relationship with other economic activities in other regions within the inter-country or with the outside world," the most important of all is the response of that development of the current challenges in the environment and globalization, through the findings of economic indicators at the regional and international levels that we believe represent the fundamentals of the subsequent plans and strategies, especially with regard to the development of regional economies and local communities and vocabulary increase regional output representative of the economic and social well-being and good use of available resources according to the principle of empowerment environmental economy and vice versa.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

Abstract - The aim of the present study was to perform induced breeding and to observe embryonic and larval development stages in different seasons for mature male and female Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio, was done by administering the synthetic hormone ovaprim, in a single dose for males and a double dose for females at 0.4-1.0 ml/kg body weight via an intramuscular injection. Spawning occurred between 5-6 hrs after the 2nd injection in summer (April) at a temperature of 26-29 oC and 17-20 0C in winter (December). Using doses of 0.4ml/kg, 0.7ml/kg and 1.0 ml/kg of ovaprim, the fertilization rate of eggs were obtained at 42.31%, 54.55% and 61.82 % in summer and 26.92%, 38.00% and 39.23 % in winter. Hatching rates were 42.78%, 44.60% and 55.00 % in the summer season and 30.22%, 31.01% and 31.67 % in the winter season with the same doses of ovaprim. The fertilized eggs were adhesive, transparent, and spherical with diameters ranging between 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm and yellowish white in color. Due to a positive response to the hormone Ovaprim, considerable fertilization and hatching rate, short embryonic period and larval development, it is possible to conduct a successful breeding program of this species commercially.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

تراجع مسار التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في العراق منذ اواخر السبعينات من القرن الماضي ولاسيما مع بداية الحرب العراقية – الايرانية إذ جرت عسكرة الاقتصاد العراقي وتغييب القوى العاملة والكوادر عن البناء والحاقها في جبهات القتال وبسبب ذلك حصل تراجع في مختلف القطاعات وعلى وجه التحديد القطاع الصناعي، اذ كانت العوائد النفطية تدار بقرارات فردية وتسخر للحروب العبثية التي حصلت في العراق خلال المدة التي سبقت سقوط النظام حمّلت الاقتصاد العراقي (509،6) مليار جنيه استرليني، وما اعقبت هذه الحرب من حرب جديدة سنة 1991 بعد احداث دخول الجيش العراقي الى الكويت، إذ تعرض العراق الى حرب شاركت فيها اكثر من ثلاثين دولة وفرض حصار شامل وتبعاً لذلك تراجع الاقتصاد العراقي في مختلف قطاعاته وابرزها القطاع الصناعي وعلى سبيل عرض واقع التنمية في العراق للمدة التي سبقت سقوط النظام والتي توضح عدم استغلال واستثمار العوائد النفطية كما في مجالات التنمية جاء هذا البحث الذي يتضمن سرد لهذا الواقع ومقترحات لكيفية استثمار الثروة النفطية وانعكاس اثار ذلك بشكل ايجابي على المجتمع العراقي.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

BackgroundThe functional and morphological development of the glomerius is an essential part of nephrogenesis that takes place during Intra uterine life and early post-naiat days.ObjectivesTo study the morphometric parameters of the maturation of the glomerular filtration slit of the kidney during neonatal period and its implication on the function of the kidney.MemodRat litters are used as a mammalian model of the development during the first 8 days of post -natal life. Image analysis using Bell software system was used for morphmetric measurement of filtration silt as examined by electron microscope-ResultsThe width of the filtration slit of new born kidney was 11.24±1.6 nm which increased by increment to be 14.83+1,6 nm on 4th .post- natai day. Eventually reached 25.34±4.3 nm on day 8 post natally.ConclusionsIn New Born litters, the glomerular filtration slit is narrower than that of mature kidney. Glomerular development continues to take place during first post natal week to reach the adult mature parameters at the end of neonatal period. This explains the low GFR found in new born mammals.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

Background: Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of osteoclastic bone resorption and widely used for the treatmentof osteoporosis, and osteogenesis imperfecta in children. Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated thatBisphosphonates delay or inhibit tooth eruption. This study tries to focus on the effect of bisphosphonate on teethdevelopment and jaw bones growth.Materials and methods: The present study includes 65 neonatal rats during lactation period from 15 Albino Wister ratsmother. Alendronate (one type of Bisphosphonates) was administrated orally (15 mg/kg) into 10 pregnant rats twotimes a week, while other 5 rats regard as control. Then the neonatal rats sacrificed in I, 6, 11, 16 and 21 days. Thelower first molar were examined histologically and immunohistochemical for amelogenin expression. Biochemicalserum analysis for calcium and alkaline phosphatase level were down for 11, 16 and 21days group. All histological,immunohistochemical, and biochemical results are compare with their controls.Results: The histological results illustrate retardation in tooth and root development, impairment in maturation ofenamel and retardation in tooth eruption of the first molar tooth germ in alendronate treated neonatal rats than theircontrols. Also immunoreactivity for amelogenin at early stages of tooth development was somewhat more intense inexperimental group than that in their controls .Moreover, calcium and alkaline phosphatase serum levels inexperimental rats are less than that of their controls.Conclusion: This study concludes that treatment with alendronate during tooth development has the potential toinhibit tooth eruption, impair tooth formation, may induce some types of dental abnormalities, and increase thebone trabecule thickness by decreasing osteoclastic activity.

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex

Abstarct

Given the vast amount of changes in the modern history since the mid-fifties of the twentieth century has shown firing Russians of the satellite (Sputnik) and to the present time, emerged many concepts and large in various fields of life, especially in the field of space science research and genetic engineering and digital communications modern and others, and became the race in the field of knowledge and scientific research and progress in all areas of life feature of the current era. This did not happen without education, and evidence for that is paid with the Americans to change their educational plans and is fully operational since mid-fifties of the twentieth century when they felt that their educational system is lagging behind and no longer meets ambition. Was a top priority attention to the teacher and give it the prestige it deserves as a maker generations and breeders creativity. ,Which encouraged a lot of attention to the teacher states and the need to set up and configured in accordance with the requirements of education on the one hand and the development of performance and raising educational Competencies to meet the challenges of the modern era and the changes taking place in communities on the other hand. This prompted researcher to discuss the topic of teacher preparation and in accordance with the sustainable professional development, in order to keep pace with the developments and modern styles and strategies in teaching and the ability to deal with the developments in the era of scientific progress and technological development in the field of education. The researcher touching that there are Arab orientations toward that goal, but did not rise to the level of ambition, this should be concerted efforts and intensify research on such topics in order to reach the teacher to exercise its leadership role in education

Keywords

Export bibliographic record

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• BibTex