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A mounted specimen of a mustelid animal deposited in the Kurdistan Museum of Natural History, Salahaddin University, Erbil proved to be Mustela erminea, Linnaeus, 1758 and represents a new record for the mammalian fauna of Iraq. Its measurements and some biological noted are provided. Also, two passerine birds, the Red-headed bunting, Emberiza bruniceps Brandt, 1841, Family, Emberizidae and the Variable wheatear, Oenanthe picata, Blyth, 1847, Family, Muscicapidae were recorded for the first time in Iraq. Furthermore, the tree frog Hyla savignyi Audouin, 1829 was found in two locations north east of Iraq with spotted dorsum and having interesting behavior in having the capability of body inflation and hiding the head downward.

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An immunological study were performed to estimation the concentrations of immunoglobulin IgE, IL-4, IL-13 and PGE2 by ELISA, calculate the total and differential WBCs counts of patients with asthma, as well as the relationship between this disease and gender in Babylon province . The study reveals that the IgE and IL – 4 levels were significantly increased, p<0.05 in patients, second and third age categories compared with healthy subject . The results illustrated that the patients show a significant elevation in IL – 13 levels in first, p<0.01, second, p<0.05 and third, p<0.01 age categories respectively compared with control group, furthermore, the study revealed that the concentration of prostaglandin –E2, PGE2 show highly significant elevation, p<0.05 in patients compared with healthy individuals . The results displays that there is no significant differences, p<0.05 in total WBCs count between patients and control group, and the same results was in means of neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, while there were significantly increased, p<0.05 in eosinophils, first and second groups and basophils, all groups in patients compared with healthy subject, furthermore, the results reveals increased ratio of disease in females compared with males .

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The objective of this paper is, first, study a new collection of sets such as –field and we discuss the properties of this collection. Second, introduce a new concepts related to the –field such as measure on –field, outer measure on –field and we obtain some important results deals with these concepts. Third, introduce the concept of null-additive on –field as a generalization of the concept of measure on –field. Furthermore, we establish new concept related to - field noted by weakly null-additive on –field as a generalizations of the concepts of measure on and null-additive. Finally, we introduce the restriction of a set function on –field and many of its properties and characterizations are given. Keywords: –field, measure on –field, monotone measure, null-additive.

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In this work lactone, 1 was prepared from the reaction of p-nitro phenyl hydrazine with ethylacetoacetate, which upon treatment with benzoyl chloride afforded the lactame, 2. The reaction of, 2 with 2-amino phenol produced a new Schiff base, L in good yield. Complexes of V, IV, Zr, IV, Rh, III, Pd, II, Cd, II and Hg, II with the new Schiff base, L have been prepared. The compounds, 1, 2 were characterized by FT-IR and UV spectroscopy, as well as characterizing ligand, L by the same techniques with elemental analysis, C.H.N and, 1H-NMR. The prepared complexes were identified and their structural geometries were suggested by using elemental analysis, C.H.N, flame atomic absorption technique, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, in addition to magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. Metal to ligand [M:L] ratio was obtained for all complexes in ethanol using molar ratio method, which gave comparable results with those obtained for the solid complexes. As well as the apparent stability constant of the complexes have been studied with the time and their color were stable for more than 4 hrs., furthermore the molar absorptivity have been calculated.

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A New Mannich base [N-, 4-morpholinomethyl-1, 8-naphthalimide], L, was synthesized and characterized by C.H.N analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis and 1HNMR spectral analysis. Metal ion complexes of, L with Pt, IV, Rh, III, Ru, III and Pd, II ions were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, C.H.N, flame atomic absorption techniques as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. The results showed that metal ion complexes for all complexes were found in [1:2] [M:L] ratio except for Pd, II complex which was found in [1:1] [M:L] ratio. Hyperchem-8 program has been used to predict structural geometries of the, L and it's complexes in gas phase. The electrostatic potential, EP of the, L was calculated. Furthermore, the heat of formation, ∆Hf^o, binding energy, ∆Eb, vibration spectra, electronic spectra and bond length for the ligand, L and its metal ion complexes were calculated by PM3 methods. The antimicrobial activity of, L and its complexes has been extensively studied against pathogenic bacteria such as, Pseudonomous aerugionosa as gram negative and, Bacillus Subtilis as gram positive and fungi, Candida albicans and, Aspergillus flavus by agar-well diffusion technique.

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The present study aims to investigating empirically the effect of the effect 4 mat in development of numerical sense fifth pupils in mathematics. In order to achieve this aims an experiment was designed where two groups consisted of, 64 pupils boy in fifth primary class in Mosul city. The first group represented the experimental group, EG which consisted of, 30 pupils in the Nineveh primary school for boys, this group was taught by using hot chair strategy, while the second group represents the control group, CG which consisted of, 34 pupils in AL-Numaniyah primary school for boys, this group was taught by traditional method. Both of the groups, EG and CG had been made equivalent in several variables namely :, The age measured in months, intelligence test, IQ, parents academic level, pupils scares in mathematics for the previous year, pupils scores average in the previous year, the participants scores in the pre-test of numerical skills, after applying the experiment, the researcher had applied the pre-test and the pro-test of numerical skills. Furthermore, the results have been analyzed statistically by using, T-test, the results showed that there is, statistically significant differences the pupils studied in using of the effect 4 mat comparing with the another group.

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Objectives: To assess of Science Teachers' Awareness towards immunity and immunization in Baghdad City Primary Schools Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted, included, 100 primary school, 50 in Al Rassafa sector, and, 50 in Al Karkh sector, from March 5th 2012 to March 15th 2013, to assess of science teachers' awareness towards immunity and immunization. A cluster sample of, 100 Science teachers, males and females were selected, as one teacher from each school. A questioner format was used for data collection. The validity of questioner was estimated through a penal of experts related to the field of study, and its reliability was estimated through a pilot study conducted in, 20 schools is excluded from the original sample which included, 20 teachers from April 8th 2012 to April 14th 2012. Data were analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: The results of the study indicated that, 78% of sample were female, and, 39% of them their ages were between, 30-39 years old, 65% of them were married, while, 21% of them were single, and, 50% of them were institute graduates. Also the study indicated that, 26% of teachers had, 15–19 years of employment in teaching sector. Furthermore, 58 % of sample had no opportunity to be involved in training courses concerning communicable diseases control. The results of this study indicate that, teachers' awareness was poor, in adequate awareness towards immunity and immunization against communicable diseases in Baghdad City Primary Schools Conclusion: The study concluded that teachers' awareness towards immunity and immunization in Baghdad primary schools was poor. Recommendations: The study recommends that there is a need for cooperation between the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education on writing a book systematically for primary schools about the nature of the transitional diseases and how to control them through immunity and immunization, and Emphasis on continuous sessions concerning communicable diseases control for teachers in all primary schools

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Hisham Bin Abdul Muttalib is considered as one of the significant personalities that had so important reforms in many aspects of the life. Hisham used to felieve his kindred people through the times of the famine and the hardship. In addition, he often prayed for the rain depnding on his trust in God and in the divinal placement of the Prophet Muhammed's Grandson, Imam Hussein, pbut. He was always on the side of the maltreated and the oppressed individuals of Mecca. Furthermore, he had so positive contributions for the interest of the society as digging Zaman Well nearby the Ka'ba. This well resulted in the increase of the yearly number of piligrims to the Sanctuary of the Ka'ba. Additionally, Hisham had unforgetable attitude towards the notorious Athiopian Invasion that aimed to destroy al- Ka'ba under the leadership of Ibraha Al- Habashi

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The current study emphasizes the characteristics, factors of IT innovation due to the importance of them in explaining the rate of technology adoption. Five factors of IT innovation were identided by Rogers, 1983 in the Diffusion of Innovations theory: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trailability, and visibility. Perceptions of potential adopters are important to understand their attitude toward IT innovation before the ultimate adoption. Moore and Benbasat, 1991 designed an instrument to measure the perceptions of non-adopters and adopters of IT innovation. The instrument includes eight factors, five of them were adopted from the diffusion of innovation theory and three factors were added by the authors: voluntariness of use, result demonstrability, and image. The instrument of Moore & Benbasat, 1991 was adopted in this study to measure the perceptions of employees toward the adoption of electronic banks. The validity and reliability of the instrument were examined and the two models of Rogers, 1983 and Moore and Benbasat, 1991 were tested. The sample included, 229 employees working in private and public banks in Erbil. The study results showed that the perceptions of respondents toward IT innovations were in the positive direction and that can help to adopt and diffuse the electronic banking easily and speedily. Furthermore, the validity of the two models is confirmed. One of the essential recommendations is that the top management of banks should working to enhance the positive perceptions toward electronic banking via sending a positive message to empoloyess about the advantages and ease of use these technologies.

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