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The first phase of a new £28.5 million project to create a Virtual Energy System (VES) in Orkney, Scotland, has been launched to digitally link distributed and intermittent renewable generation to flexible demand.

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.ABSTRACTRenewable energy sources - realities of the present and future options Many of the directories indicate that the global energy system begin with a period of transition from total dependence on fossil energy sources, particularly oil, Into a new era in which renewable energy sources play an important role in meeting the growing needs of energy demand. There are many factors that will contribute to the strengthening of this trend towards transformation, which also will decide how quickly this transformation of renewable energy systems effectively in the global system of energy demand. These factors, In brief: the size of environmental pollution and climatic changes resulting from the excessive use of fossil fuels, the size of reserves of fossil fuels and the amount of new additions to her and to oil in particular, Amount of support and funding for renewable energy sources and, finally, other political factors linked to the concept of energy security, especially for the major industrialized importing oil countries. The disposition of any country requires to keep pace with these changes and seek to support efforts to introduce renewable energies within the system of energy production gradually so as not to lag behind in global development

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Renewable energy is an area of significant investment and importance for future generations. The basis of this project is to design a new automatic control system for solar panel that tracking maximum power tracking according to the direction of sun ray. This project is an analysis of maximum power that can generate from the solar panel. This project needed to investigate the system parameter that affected the input sun ray to the solar panel. The system parameter that needs to investigate is weather, cell type, number of cells, temperature and the intensity of the sun. The system parameter is important to create the maximum power that can be generated by the design solar panel. In this paper, the main purpose is to design a system which controls the direction of the solar panel base on the sun direction and the main system parameter is the intensity of sun in daily mode. The system uses the motor type for controlling the angle of the solar panel base on the maximum intensity of sun ray. The validity of this proposed system achieved the maximum power of 101 Watt compared with the conventional types.

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Designing a lithiumion battery that can charge within minutes yet work at a high capacity is possible, according to a research paper from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) recently published in Nature Communications. This development shows the potential to enhance battery performance for solar grid storage, consumer electronics, and electric vehicles.

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Scientists at the Rice University have truly found a way to deal with the excess amount of used lithiumion batteries left behind—a consequence of the growing demand for cellphones, electric vehicles, and other electronic devices.

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The production of power using the process of pressure–retarded osmosis (PRO) has been studied both experimentally and theoretically for simulated sea water vs. river water and deionized water under two cases: the first is for simulated real conditions of sea water and river water and second under low brine solution concentration to examine the full profile of the power- pressure. The influence of concentration polarization (CP) on water flux has been examined as well.

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A new method has been proposed for conversion the wind energy into a kinetic energy using the hybrid effect of nozzle and solar energy. As the air flows through the horizontal nozzle it accelerates because of the narrowing constriction. Heat energy acquired from the wall is converted into the kinetic energy of flow. Critical dimensions are calculated for the convergent nozzle that made of steel. This study focuses up on the benefits of using solar nozzle on the wind energy. The study is an attempt to raise the local wind velocity (3 m/sec) to a high velocity gives good energy allowed the wind plant to generate power, on other words in order to increase the efficiency of the plant. From the obtained results, it is observed that the velocity of wind increased by the increment of heat gain and decrement of the area. The velocity value in the case of heat added is reached to (50 m/sec), while in the case of no heat transferred is about (48 m/sec). Calculation indicates that maximum heat gained could give (57 KW) output power.

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The wind energy is regarded one of the important renewedenergies invested by man from ancient time to execute some of hisworks and he is still challenging and continuing in finding the besttechniques to exploit as much as he could and consider them a newsource for the renewed energy to meet his requirements. The aimof the research is to estimate the usability of the wind energy to gethigh efficient of electrical power in Baghdad city through theanalyzing the impact of some explanative variables ( MeanTemp. , High Temperatures , Time of High TemperaturesRegistration , Low Temperatures , Time of Low TemperaturesRegistration , Heat Degree Days , Cool Degree Days , Rain ,Average Wind Speed , High Wind Speed , and Time of High Wind Speed Registration ) on the function of Dom. Dir. in thestudied area in period ( 1/1/2009 – 31/12/2009 ) throughtransforming in angler form on the circumference of thepresumptive circle starting with zero degree in front of the northpole with a clockwise to enabling of applied the Model ofpredicting optimal critical angle estimate/or obtaining the bestelectrical power through using the Multiple Linear RegressionModel , which is for the first time as far ( as we know ). Somerecommendations and suggestions were given.

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AbstractThe data of the wind speed in Nassiriya district (south of Iraq) has been measured in four years ago (2007-2010) at 10 m altitude and then, simulated mathematically to study and predict the important wind energy dynamic parameters as a necessary step before utilization the wind for electricity production job, as a knowledge no study will be focus on renewable sources ( specifically wind energy) in Nassiriya district. The study shows that, the wind speed in Nassiriya district is suitable for electricity production if the tower of wind station at least ( 34m) altitude from the earth surface and (10 m) for rotor radius at least .Key words: Physics energy, renewable

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Due to conventional energy sources shortage and higher prices and to global environmental pollution problem researches for clean and sustainable sources are intensified worldwide. This paper is tries to explore the potentials of renewable energy sources in Iraq specially solar and wind energies. Measurements of solar flux and wind speed in Hilla (32° 28' 45" N, 44° 25' 58" E, centre of Babylon Province /IRAQ) is performed during the year 2011. It is found that there is a very good potential for solar energy since the maximum incident flux reaches to about 1000 W/m2 specially during summer months and the maximum monthly average is about 562 W/m2. The wind speed is not so promising for electrical power generation since the maximum monthly averaged recorded speed is about 5.1 km/hr (1.4178 m/s). However this might not be true for all parts of Iraq specially in the western parts where there is large areas of open Sahara.

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