Hematological Parameters in Children with Type‑1 Diabetes

Abstract

Background and Objective: This study was done to investigate and compare the hematological parameters related to hemoglobin (Hb),total white blood cell (WBC) count, and platelet parameters in a case–control study of patients with diabetes with those of nondiabetichealthy persons, potentially predisposing patients with diabetes to complications. Materials and Methods: A case–control study consistedof 50 children with type I diabetes have been diagnosed since 5 years attending Laila Qasim Diabetic Center compared with another 50nondiabetic healthy children attending Pediatric Clinic at Raparin Pediatric Hospital from October 2018 to March 2019. Investigations weredone as follows: (a) both patients and controls including Hb (g/dl), total WBC count (109/L), platelet count (109/L), mean platelet volume(MPV) (fl), platelet distribution width (PDW) (fl), platelet‑large cell ratio (P‑LCR) (%), and (b) patients only HbA1C (%) to know theircontrol state. Results: WBC, MPV, PDW, and P‑LCR were significantly higher among children with diabetes in comparison with the controlgroup (WBC 9.34 ± 1.56 109/L vs. 8.14 ± 1.88 109/L, P = 0.001; MPV 9.60 ± 1.13 fL vs. 8.07 ± 0.87 fL, P = 0.001; PDW 11.91 ± 1.18 fLvs. 10.03 ± 1.1 fL, P = 0.001; and P‑LCR 19.34% ± 4.85% vs. 12.09% ± 4.37%, P = 0.001); Hb was significantly lower among childrenwith diabetes in comparison with the control group (Hb 12.61 ± 0.75 g/dl vs. 12.89 ± 0.64 g/dl, P = 0.04); No significant difference wasdetected between the two groups regarding platelet count. Conclusion: The study revealed that hematological parameters changed as a resultof diabetes mellitus, especially Hb was decreased among patients with diabetes and WBC, MPV, PDW, and P‑LCR were highly elevated intype I as compared with nondiabetic participants.