تأثير ملوثات البيئة في بعض المؤشرات التشريحية والمظهرية لنباتي الدودينيا والنبق

Abstract

This study has been performed on four different positions in the Najaf governorate in order to pursue the effect of pollutants resulted from the transport means and industries ( Al- Kufa Cement Factory ),Kufa –Najaf street and AL-Abbassia region ( as a control ) on two kinds of plants which are commonly grown in the Iraqi cities, especially in the middle regions. . These plants are: Dodonaea Viscosa and Zizyphus Spina -Christi . This study involved a comparison among the leaves of the plants grown at the experiment sites, A. Anatomic side: a comparison between the thickness of it’s layers starting from the upper cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade layer, spongy layer, lower epidermis and lower cuticle. B. Morphological side : through observing the symptomatic signs of the effect which appeared on the leaves , besides the comparison among the growth rates of the plant’s side branches and those of the plant leaves length and width which had been studied during the periods 2000-2001, 2001-2002. The results were analyzed by finding out the standard deviation, standard error, the thickness of leaf’s layers and the length and width of the leaves. The comparison was also achieved among the growth rates of the side branches of the plants used in the study. The results of the experiment showed the following: 1.The effect of the pollutants of vehicles on the plants is more than the effects of the industries with few differences compared with control region and college region.2. Decreased in the average growth of the side branches and the length and width of the both studied plant leaves of plants in (Najaf –Kufa street) site and Kufa Cement Factory in comparison with the control site (AL- Abbasya) and the college site.3. Damage of plant leaves layers (its thickness) in (Kufa-Najaf Street) more than other region of experiment.4. The appearance of Necrosis disease symptoms on the Dodonaea and Zizyphus leaves in ( Najaf – Kufa street).