Study of HLA Class I and Class II by (PCR-SSP) and the role of salivary TNF-α in Iraqi patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Abstract

Background: Until today, the etiology of recurrent aphthous stomatitis remains unknown, although hints of its etiologicbasis lay on genetic susceptibility, infectious agents and alterations in immune mechanics. Current study wasestablished to shed light on the possible association of human leukocyte antigen class I and II alleles with recurrentaphthous stomatitis, and to investigate the possible alterations in salivary tumor necrosis factor-alpha level in patientsand its relation with clinical types of disease.Subjects and Methods: The study included 55 subjects: 30 recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients and 25 apparentlyhealthy subjects as control. Polymerase chain reaction-specific sequence primers assay was conducted to assesshuman leukocyte antigen-typing whereas salivary tumor necrosis factor-alpha level was estimated by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay.Results: The present study showed a significant association of HLA-Cw*12:02:01-and DQB1*02:01:01- alleles withrecurrent aphthous stomatitis as compared with healthy control, and there was significant low frequency ofDQB1*05:01:01- allele in patients when compared with healthy control. Furthermore, high frequency ofDQB1*02:01:01- alleles was observed among patients with minor type of recurrent aphthous stomatitis whencompared with healthy control. Another interesting finding in this study was the significant elevation of salivary tumornecrosis factor-alpha level in patients than in healthy controls, as well as strong association of high salivary tumornecrosis factor-alpha level among patients who expressed DQB1*02:01:0-allell was observed.Conclusion: Cw*12:02:01- and DQB1*02:01:01-alleles may played a role in the etiology of the disease, whereasDQB1*05:01:01-05 may confer protective effects against recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Moreover; salivary tumornecrosis factor-alpha may play an important role in pathogenesis of disease, and may also have an important role inthe search of new treatments for disease