The impact of periods of irrigation efficiency in the use of water for cotton varieties and hybrids.

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during 2010-2011 at the experimentalfield of crop sciences dept. – College of Agriculture – Abu-Graib, to evaluategenotypes under water stress conditions and attempt to breeding of hybrids fortolerant of this stresses, with higher yield capacity. However estimate of GCAfor parents and SCA for their hybrids, heterosis and some genetic parameters.Five varieties of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) included Cocker-310, Dise,Macneer, Marsoomi-5 and Rabeaa-122 were crossed, during the season of 2010.The traits for 10 single crosses and 5 parents were tested during 2011 usingRCBD under split plot design arrangement with three replications, irrigationtreatments occupied main plot ( included irrigation weekly and at two weeks)and genotypes (parents and their crosses) occupied sub plots. Results showedsignificant differences in irrigation interval at two weeks in most characteristicsstudied, this treatment produced highest seed cotton yield 104.36 g.plant-1 andWUE 1.11 Kg.m-3. Significant differences were found among genotypes(parents and crosses) for all characteristics studied. The parent Macneer andcrosses Dise x Macneer and Cocker-310 x Rabeaa-122 were attained highestseed cotton yield account 102.02, 111.75 and 110.02 g.plant-1 respectively. Theparents Cocker-310, Macneer and Rabeaa-122 were gave highest water useefficiency (0.80, 0.80 and 0.79 kg.m-3, crosses Marsoomi-5xRabeaa-122 andCocker-310 x Rabeaa-122 gave 0.92 and 0.91 respectively. The highest stresstolerance index was gave from the parents Macneer, Cocker-310 and Rabeaa-122 and crosses Dise x Macneer and Cocker-310 x Rabeaa-122 accounted 1.04,1.03 and 1.00 for parents, 1.24 and 1.20 respectively. The results of hybridvigor showed that cross Cocker-310 x Rabeaa-122 in irrigation at two weeksgave highest percent account 22.05 and 21.90% for seed cotton yield and wateruse efficiency respectively. It could be conclude to dependent on irrigation attwo weeks that attained higher values of water use efficiency and seed cottonyield.