Microalbuminuria predictor of cardiovascular disease in Iraqi type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Abstract Microalbuminuria is strongly associated with risk for cardiovascular disease , it’s a widely recognized , strong and independent risk marker of cardiovascular disease among individuals with diabetes. This study was done in the period from October to December 2014 in the national diabetes center , university of al – Mustansiriya , Baghdad , Iraq. The study groups , one is 50 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and the second group is 30 patients with only diabetes mellitus as control , their aged ranged between (45-65 )years. The results were shown an increasing in FBG, HbA1c, hs-CRP, LDL, TG, AIP, Urea, creatinine, and Microalbuminuria in patients compared with control group at ( P<0.001). While the concentration of HDL was significantly lower in patients compared with control group at(P<0.001). There is a positive correlation between AIP and HbA1c, hs-CRP, TG, Urea, creatinine, and Microalbuminuria. So microalbuminuria has become a prognostic marker for cardiovascular disease. Key words: microalbuminuria , HDL, LDL , creatinine , diabetes mellitus, AIP, hs-CRP Introduction Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate , fat and protein metabolism associated with absolute or relative insulin deficiency. Diabetes mellitus is two types : type 1 and type 2 (1). Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an important public health problem worldwide because of its high prevalence and complications (2) , T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance coupled with an inability of the pancreas to sufficiently compensate by increasing insulin secretion , with onset generally in middle or old age (3,4). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) a group of medical problems that affect the heart and surrounding blood vessel (5). CVD can take many forms such as high blood pressure , coronary artery disease , Valvular heart disease or rheumatic heart disease. There are many factors affected as CVD such as cholesterol , triglyceride , and lipoprotein ( HDL-c , VLDL , TG ,