Political titles and their importance in the formation of imports of the Abbasid Caliphate in the fourth century AH

Abstract

Through our subject of search (political surnames and its importance in forming the retuens of Abbassy succession in the 4th century of hijrah) we reached to the following result. 1- There is adifferance between the surname and the name and the nickname , the surname is the famous name.it is not the first name ,it may be for the sake of honour or exagiration or to insult. 2- The polical and military failure which the Abbasysucceion reached to it during the 4thcenyury of Hijrah ,it was clear from the surname of successors of period like AL-mustaen that , Billah and AL - Muqtadir Billah , their names mean they asked the help from god. 3- The sold of the political surnames an the payment of the was familiar in a great deal in the Abbay succession in the 4thcentary of hijrah. this was happened in the position of the minister and the law. these positions were very sensitive and important in the state. 4- The law had become political religious position that mean it followee the policy of the state , the ministers , the privce of the princes even the Boyhisoltansenterfered to employ the judges according to their desire and to serve their interests. 5- The historical roots of selling surnames belonged to the first Abbassy period then this matter enlarged in the 4th century of hijrah. it was not limited for the employees but also for the Abbassy successor, the successor became giving money for the buying of successors position for his son. 6- The obtaining of thesurnames in illegal ways reflects the level of political agitated which was happev in the state , the surnames had pecome useless.