Analysis of Data Obtained From Chromosomal StudiesPerformed During the Period from 2000-2007A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background:
Generally, genetic disorders are a leading cause of spontaneous abortion, neonatal
death, increased morbidity and mortality in children and adults as well. They a
significant health care and psychosocial burden for the patient, the family, the
healthcare system and the community as a whole. Chromosomal abnormalities
occur much more frequently than is generally appreciated. It is estimated that
approximately 1 of 200 newborn infants had some form of chromosomal
abnormality. The figure is much higher in fetuses that do not survive to term. It is
estimated that in 50% of first trimester abortions, the fetus has a chromosomal
abnormality.
Aim of the study:
This study aims to shed some light on the results of chromosomal studies
performed during 7 year-period as these represent a sample of the only registered
data available on genetic disorders in Iraq.
Patients and Methods:
For the period extending from Jan. 1st
, 2000 till Jan. 1st
, 2007, among all cases
referred to the Genetic Clinic, Consultation Clinic, Medical City in Baghdad, Iraq,
only those cases indicated for chromosomal study for diagnosis and then genetic
counseling were included in this study; they were grouped and then subgrouped
accordingly.
Results:
During the study period, 1720 cases needed chromosomal study for the sake of
genetic counseling out of around 5000-8000 cases referred to the clinic during the
same period. Mothers having an abnormal child or adverse pregnancy outcome
constituted 30.79% of all cases included, followed by the group of children with
multiple congenital abnormalities (20.14%), and then cases with primary
amenorrhoea (13.97%) and ambiguous genitalia (13.5%). The overall positive
findings in the chromosomal studies were 217/1720 (12.61%).
Conclusions:
Genetic disorders have a great impact on the practice of medicine in all specialties
in Iraq. There is a need for a new policy for indications of karyotyping, especially
at times of stress.