Factors of the Development of Iraq's Cities in the Islamic Era

Abstract

This study is concerned with revealing the of various factors in the development of cities in Iraq (Basra, Kufa, Mosul, Was it, Baghdad, Samarra). Among these factors, there is the geographic and technical as the well as the economic and social factor. The geographical factor include cities and, their locations, meaning that their positions were according to a geographical vision of that closeness to the water, and the Technical factor is concerned in the art of urban planning Iraqi Islamic architecture and Immunization (GAVI) and the most important factors affecting the design. The structure of Iraq cities is formed on the basis of building a mosque in the city center as a nucleus, and then build the caliph palace and its attached institutions such as departments and others, as well as markets in its various forms as well as residential homes. As for social factor, it had an obvious role in the Islamic conquest and its impact on the mixing between tribes which helped in tribal distribution according to tribal affiliations. Rhen we have and came the economic factor which is concerned with canal digging and bridge construction, as well as the reclamation of arable lands. This called for rural-to-urban migration to participate that in life, and in every city there was spinning of to Lkhoz and fine linen and textile industry as well as soap and paper mills. And those famous cities had a large commercial activity, Al-Basra stood as a commercial center as well as Al- Kufa , Mosul was known for its trade capacity and Baghdad was the forum of trade