Estimating of Pesticide Residues (Atlantis WG) in the Wheat Triticum aestivum L. Crop and the Soil

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2014-2015 in the field belongs to the college of Agriculture, University of Baghdad – ALJadiriyah in order to assess pesticides residues after harvesting of wheat crop (Cultivar Iba’a 99) to find out the degradation Atlantis WG {Mesosulfuron-methyl + Iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium} in soil. A concentration of 200g.hˉ¹ and 300 g.hˉ¹ of herbicide were used in addition to control line (without application). Results showed that, non -pesticides residues were found in wheat after one hour of application due to the nature of Atlantis WG since it is a systematic herbicide; that is, it needs simple time to be absorbed by the plant at which it will start distribute in every single part inside the plant. Residues of this herbicide were appeared after one week of application and then in a high concentration two weeks later. The pesticide residues were started to decreased after four weeks of application and continue vanishing after few weeks of application until it approached the lowest concentration of 0.01 mg.Lˉ¹ after 19 weeks which is much lower than the allowed concentration. In addition, the chemicals analysis results of pesticide residues in some soil samples revealed that the active ingredient of Atlantis WG (Mesosulfuron) was found in soil but in small amounts ranged between 0.0087 mg.Lˉ¹ and 0.0.99 mg.Lˉ¹ as MRLs (Maximum Residue limits) which as a result cannot effects subsequent crops in future.