الأبعاد الجمالية للزخرفة الإسلامية في مرقد الإمام القاسم (ع)

Abstract

Abstract: The architecture art and decoration styles in the holy shrines have characterized with aesthetic peculiarities, and special artistic curing that collect between the scarcity of the religious heritage and aesthetic of artistic innovation that launches the thrill in the spirit of cultured viewers and the desire of meditation for innovations of Islamic Arabian decoration and its aesthetic meanings, that raise the human toward the world of maternity and pure conceptual meditations. Therefor the current research included studying the (Aesthetic limits of the Islamic decoration in the holly shrine of Imam Alqasim ) consisted of four chapters , first chapter included the showing of the problem of the research which was briefed by the following quarry: What are the aesthetic limits of Islamic decoration implemented on the walls of the holy shrine of Imam Alqasim ? And what are the techniques used in it? Also this chapter included the importance and need for this research and determining its goals that were specified with the following: Discovering the aesthetic limits for Islamic decoration implemented on Imam Alqasim .The research war limited to study the organic, script and geometrical decorations implemented on interior and outer walls for the holly shrine of Imam Alqasim in Babylon. While the second chapter included three sections : first section included the concept of aesthetic in the philosophy intellect, while the second section included: A- The art of Islamic decoration. B- Elements and basis of aesthetic arranging (concept and kinds), while the third section showed a historic brief for the growth of architecture art in the holy shrine of Imam Alqasim then finalized with most important indications resulted from the research. The third chapter included procedures of the research that comprised the population of (25) decorative design after excluding the repeated ones, also included the research sample , method, analyzing the research sample of (5) decorative design. Fourth chapter included the results of the research, most important are: 1-The decorative relied on the principle of filling the space with organic and primary elements by using bigger main branches and minor flower branches that occupies the formation area from above to below as in the sample (1,2,3). 2-The flower decorations posed a big importance of the space of forming Islamic Arabic decorative formations notably in the holy shrines due to the correlation with the cultural heritage and the Iraqi artistic heritage like Mesopotamia arts as in sample (1,2,5). 3-The artist relied on the principle of diminishing and simplification for the decorative formations as an attempt to add aesthetic value where innovations features are placed for the artistic who believe in modifying forms from its reality to forms closer to the lofty spiritual world far from complicating as in the samples (1,2,5). 4-Muslim artist confirmed on central figures and its domination over decorative forming through bigger area that occupied by figures and the size of their decorations and place arranging within the whole forming of the decoration. 5-All geometrical decoration characterized with the principle of conforming because of the organized recurrence of the primary unit of the geometrical sample as in sample( 4,5). Most important conclusions are : 1-Color contrasts and contradictions have added aesthetic variety participated in creation of aesthetic decorative unity variable and blighting.2-The aesthetic of decorative form through the relation of the part with the whole shape i.e. the decorative unity through the decorative formations of the optical unities. The recommendations include: Reviewing, classifying and developing the sources related with the Iraqi holy samples, due to the continuous development occurred in the architecture buildings of holy shrines, so, there should be a documentation for these developments to enrich the library with these special information