Royal decrees in the old Babylonia period the King AMMI-SADEQA (1646-1626B.C) Specimen

Abstract

Royal decrees are the set of orders and instructions which issue by the kings during their first or subsequent rule years to deal with the crisis and deteriorating economic conditions in the country in a quick and extraordinary ways to keep the society from collapsing. These decrees include two kinds of orders: The first one is immediate and quick legal situation to reduction the exploitation phenomenon which afflicts the society, and the second one is a long-term legal provisions which ensure that the future situation does not deteriorate, and preserves the rights of the population in the sense that it has lasting effect. The royal decrees are called in Sumerian (DI.DAB5.BA) which opposite by Akkadian (Simdat Šarrim). The Royal decrees term (Simdat Šarrim) appeared for the first time during the Babylonian Period (2004-1595 BC). But this does not mean that the royal decrees does not existed before this period ; because there is many terms carried the same meaning of the term Simdat Šarrim in the sense "justice" but Its not mentioned at the same Pronunciation, such as the Sumerian term (AMA.AR./ AMA.GI4) opposite by Akkadian (andurāru) which mean (freedom / debt relief), as well as the Sumerian term (NI3/NIG2.SI.SA2) opposite by Akkadian (mišarum) in the sense of "justice".