Evaluation of non surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis by assessment the enzymatic activity

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Host responses to periodontal disease include the production of different enzymes that are released by
stromal, epithelial or inflammatory cells into saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. There are important enzymes
associated with cell injury and cell death like: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alkaline
phosphatase (ALP), gama glutamyl transferase (GGT). Changes in enzymatic activity reflect metabolic changes in
the gingiva and periodontium in inflammation.
To assess the difference in the activity of LDH, GGT and ALP enzymes in the saliva of male patients with chronic
periodontitis before and after treatment, to test the effectiveness of treatment and to evaluate the correlation
between these enzymes and the clinical parameters used for evaluation of periodontal tissues.
Materials and Methods: Measurements of plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing
pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were taken from ten subjects before treatment and one
month after treatment; Only male were included and saliva was collected for biochemical analysis of the enzymes
alkaline phosphatase ALP, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, and gamma glutamyle transferase GGT.
Results: Obtained results have shown that after conventional periodontal therapy, the activity of all salivary enzymes
was significantly decreased. However there was no correlation between the activities of these enzymes and the
clinical periodontal parameters except between LDH with bleeding on probing and clinical attachment level.
Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be assumed that activity of these enzymes in saliva, as biochemical
markers for periodontal tissue damage, may be useful in the diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of periodontal
therapy.
Key words: Saliva, enzymes, periodontal disease. (J Bagh Coll Dentistry 2011;23(93-96).