Properties Study And Formation of Hard Pans in Some Alluvial Soil Areas of Southern Iraq

Abstract

The study was conducted to selected of Hard pans and formation study it , in some Mesopotamia plain regions in province of basrah southern Iraq . The study area was chosen in west of shattAl – Arab river in Abul – Khasseb which including some regions variant in micro relief . Four pedons selected represented for the study area . The data of morphological properties indicated that the hard pans has been found at depth 75 – 125 cm with thickness varied at about 15 – 30 cm in study area , and it is hard pan in the pedon with fine texture and vary hard consistency in dry state while it is very firm in moist state , for wet state is slightly sticky to sticky and very plastic . Also , it showed angular – blocky structure with grade of type strong and class changed from medium to coarse . and it has a few very fine pores. The hard pans are different according to the colour from the adjacent remaining pans of values at about 10YR 7/2 – 10 YR7/3 in the dry state while in wet state the values were at about 10YR 5/3 – 10 YR5/4 .while the data of soil physical properties indicate that clay pans have clayey texture in most pedons of study area , with dominate for clay particles of values at about 495.11 – 560.20gm .kg-1 and decreasing in silt and sand particles content.