نشأة الصراع الحزبي في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية حتى عام 1804م

Abstract

Great Britain had affected the United States economically ,socially ,politically and culturally .This influence appeared clearly since the foundation of the first colony in the new world in 1607 by the British . The colonies had adopted the British laws and rules. But gradually they began to change these laws not as the first .As an example for this influence the parties foundation and their organization during the colonial period and even after independence. The people of colonies were affected by the British party system (Wighs and Tories) .They were divided into supporters for ( Wighs and Tories) in the last decade before the American independence war. Besides, after independence and in the end of the last decade of the eighteen century a division had appeared between the so- called ( federal and anti federal ). Those two organizations were the base of American parties. So this research deals with hypothesis that there had been an influence directly or indirectly on forming parties in colonies . The research also shows that there is a conflict for power in the United States among parties ,but this conflict does not move against Americas high interests . This paper is divided into three parts: dealing with hypothesis of this study and concluded some results among which that the dispute among parties had emerged since the birth of forming parties before or after independence. Whatever this dispute was ,it was mere a dispute for Americas interests as it had happened between the two main parties during the last decade of the eighteenth and the first decade of the nineteenth century .It shows that aims and programs of each party have been just points of view each party wanted to achieve to take power . For that , there is a flagrant evidence which was buying Louisiana in 1803 by the Democrats party Head ( anti federal ) and the president of U.S.A himself , while one of their aims which they wanted to achieve was not explaining the constitution flexibly so that minority rights could not be changed to dictatorship according to which big states take power over small and weak states . So, according to the U.S.A s interests they explained the constitution so flexibly that they were allowed to buy Louisiana . Hence , it is clear that dispute between parties which appeared from the very beginning of the parties w3as just for the interest of the United states and not for the interest of the parties disputing .