Comparison of the Hemodynamic & Respiratory Parameters between Smokers & Non Smokers in Lower Abdominal Surgery Under General Anesthesia

Abstract

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:Smoking is a very widespread habit , it had been proved to affect adversely on many systems of the body especially the cardiovascular (CVS) & the respiratory system, and such effects wouldbe exaggerated perioperatively because of the effect of general anesthesia (GA) especially whenthere is no any period of abstinence from smoking (as when occurred during emergencyprocedures).OBJECTIVE: To assess the hemodynamic & respiratory effects of smoking perioperatively in patientsundergoing emergency lower abdominal operations. PATIENT AND METHODS: A prospective case control study carried on 80 patients in Baghdad teaching hospital/Medicalcity / Baghdad / Iraq, from September 2011 to March 2012, the 80 patients have been allocatedinto 2 groups, (each of 40 patients): group 1 who were non smoker patients, & group 2 thesmoker patients. The 2 groups were undergone emergency lower abdominal surgery under GA, all the patientsreceived similar pre. & intraoperative managements. Pulse rate (PR), systolic blood pressure(BPsys), diastolic blood pressure (BPdias),oxygene saturation (SPO2), and airway pressure(Paw) were monitored with the standard non invasive technique, at the baseline period(preoperative); immediate postintubation; 10, 20, 30, & 40 minutes intraoperatively; immediatepostextubation; & 10 minutes in the recovery period.RESULTS: Regarding the pulse rate, there were no statistically significant variations between the 2 groupsapart from the immediate postextubation period (105 ± 6.95 in smokers vs 100.3 ± 8.3 in nonsmokersRegarding the systolic blood pressure, there was statistically significant increase in the systolicBP especially at the immediate postintubation period in smoker patientsRegarding the diastolic BP, apart from the immediate postextubation period ,there wassignificant increase in the diastolic BP between the 2 groups especially at the immediatepostintubation Regarding the SPO2%, there were no statistically significant reduction in the SPO2 readingsbetween the 2 groups apart from the intraoperative period Regarding the P airway , there were no significant increase in the P airway perioperativelybetween the 2 groups CONCLUSION: There were statistically significant CVS derangements in the smoker group versus the nonsmokers especially around intubation period.