Spreading of Malaria Disease in Arid Hot Environments (Mahliya Mrwi – The Northern Provinces – The Sudan)

Abstract

This research is devoted to the study of the diffusion of malaria in the hot-dry environments at Meroe Locality in the Northern State of Sudan. The region has witnessed the emergence of malaria in the last thirty years of the twentieth century. The infection of malaria disease rate increased despite the environmental difficulties that limit its spread. It is well known that the best environments for the presence of disease-carrying mosquitoes are hot- humid, however, the spread of the disease in this hot-dry environment is a phenomenon need to be studied.The research focused on the influence of the establishment of Merowe Dam (2008) on the increase of the mosquitoes, due to the extension of the dam Lake to many kilometers, making semi-stagnant water which is suitable for mosquito breeding.The study comes out to many results and recommendation, including the impact of Merowe Dam in increasing the amount of mosquitoes, and malaria merged to epidemic disease after endemic in the last forty years. Moreover, the absence of anti-mosquito campaigns in the area of study.As a conclusion the study recommended that the Sudanese Dams Implementation Unit must lead a malaria control program and to contribute with the Ministry of Health in malaria treatment.