ENUCLEATION... THE STARTING POINT FOR BIOLOGICAL CLONING

Abstract

The Enucleation Technique considered as the first and most important step to accomplishe any biological cloning process which includes also Fusion; Activation ,and Embryo transfer. This Review Article was carried out to elucidate, the different Enucleation methods since the first attempt of “Brigg”and “King” (1952) and by others till (2011) including the physical methods such as UV Irradiation to Enucleate the Amphibian nuclei or using Microsurgery and/or both Techniques. The Microsurgery technique includes two methods: the Enucleation of nuclei of the MII Oocyte and the Enucleation of nuclei of the Telophase II Oocyte. The review article includes also the Enucleation using the chemical methods which includes the cytochalsin B; Enucleation using Hypertonic solution; and Enucleation using Demecolcine and Nocadazole.