Abstract: In view of the search for a variety of sources in order to finance comprehensive economic development, as natural resources are destined to disappear, and for the continuous development and fair distribution of wealth for the generations to come, financial stability and successive periods of time have become a fundamental and strategic objective. In the context of economic policies, the purpose of financial stability may go beyond the simple concept, which is intended not to occur financial crises, As the new concept represents a further dimension in achieving the efficiency and distribution of economic resources as well as efficiency in lending and borrowing, investment and saving operations, providing liquidity, accumulation of wealth, fixing prices and reducing the impact of financial crises if they occurred. In view of Iraq's experience, it was found that the Iraqi financial sector did not affect the process Sustainable economic development but not very limited, This is attributed to the total dependence on oil imports and the weak contribution of financial projects in economic activity, as well as the decline in the number of banks and their branches and financial institutions, as well as low turnout on the banking sector of consumers, and the dominance of government banks on the financial sector in addition to the absence of private banks or lack of role in The economic activity .

: Financial Stability --- Sustainable Economic Development --- Iraqi Economy .

The Islamic Banks is considered a modern from the point of view of its foundation because it has started at fifty years ago. These Banks worked according to the Islamic law. The Islamic Banking becomes a craft and its numbers are more than 500 Banks. The financial Banking studies expected that its assets reached to trillion $ till 2015. The Islamic Banking Started its action in a difficult conditions with unstable financial conditions which is presented with the financial crises and it was ended with the international financial crises for the years 2007-2009. At that period, we can notice the role and the capacity of the Islamic Banking contribution on the financial stability especially on the countries that its assets concentrated in. In order to cover the different aspects of the subject we had discuss it from different points which are concept of the financial Stability and its effect and results on the financial crises. The research leads to many conclusions and the most important one is that the Islamic Banking contribution on the financial stability just in the countries that its assets concentrated in.

تُعدّ المصارف الإسلامية حديثة من حيث النشأة ،إذ لم تتجاوز بدايتها خمسة عقود. وتعمل تلك المصارف وفقا لمنهج الشريعة الإسلامية وأحكامها. لقد أصبحت الصيرفة الإسلامية صناعة محترفة وبلغ عددها ما يزيد عن (500) مصرف، وتتوقع الدراسات المالية والمصرفية بان يبلغ حجم موجوداتها (5) تريليون دولار عام 2015. وقد بدأت المصارف الإسلامية مزاولة نشاطها في ظروف صعبة وحالة من عدم الاستقرار المالي تمثلت بالأزمات المالية، وآخرها الأزمة المالية العالمية 2007-2009. وفي ظل ذلك يثار تساؤل عن مدى إمكانية مساهمة الصيرفة الإسلامية في الاستقرار المالي على مستوى البلدان التي تركزت فيها موجوداتها أو خارجها. ولتغطية مختلف جوانب الموضوع فقد تم تناوله ضمن محاور عديدة، تمثلت بالتعرف على مفهوم الاستقرار المالي والآثار الناجمة عنه المتمثلة بالأزمات المالية ،كذلك توضيح مفهوم الصيرفة الإسلامية وآلياتها في الاستقرار المالي والتحديات التي تعمل في ظلها. ولقد توصل البحث إلى العديد من الاستنتاجات لعل أبرزها (إن المصارف الإسلامية أسهمت في الاستقرار المالي وتحديداً في البلدان التي تركزت موجوداتها فيها).

Islamic Banking --- Financial Stability --- Financial Crisis --- المصارف الإسلامية، الاستقرار المالي، الأزمة المالية

This study sought to identify the financial soundness indicators for the banking sector guide , known as the financial health indicators , and the assessment and monitoring of the strengths and weaknesses of the financial systems, These figures are relatively new economic statistics that reflect a mixture of influences , which are derived from the measurement frameworks college safety analysis , which was developed to monitor the financial and banking companies , and financial soundness indicators play an important role in predicting financial stability . The study also sought to identify the concept of financial stability is a broad concept that includes various aspects of finance and the financial system , infrastructure, institutions and markets , legal systems and official frameworks and supervision of financial regulation and control , and the researcher this application study on a sample of the Iraqi private banks for the period 2008-2012 , The number of sample banks has reached (15) banks . Was determined to test the model analysis indicators ( financial ratios ) , has been used as the arithmetic mean for the classification of banks into stable and unstable by comparing the arithmetic mean of the bank sector average rate for each variable, The result (6) community banks Iraqi stable of the total (15) banks of the study sample , one of the main conclusions of the study , also found standard deviations , was to find a correlation between financial ratios of the research sample , as well as the use of the progressive choice Stepwise method of counting was born Wald Method to model logistic regression , and was the most prominent recommendations , should be used to predict financial stability permanently models as tools for early warning on the state of the bank , as current research proved that the logistic regression model is of the same predictive accuracy high models after its application to the research sample banks.

This study sought to identify the financial soundness indicators for the banking sector guide , known as the financial health indicators , and the assessment and monitoring of the strengths and weaknesses of the financial systems, These figures are relatively new economic statistics that reflect a mixture of influences , which are derived from the measurement frameworks college safety analysis , which was developed to monitor the financial and banking companies , and financial soundness indicators play an important role in predicting financial stability . The study also sought to identify the concept of financial stability is a broad concept that includes various aspects of finance and the financial system , infrastructure, institutions and markets , legal systems and official frameworks and supervision of financial regulation and control , and the researcher this application study on a sample of the Iraqi private banks for the period 2008-2012 , The number of sample banks has reached (15) banks . Was determined to test the model analysis indicators ( financial ratios ) , has been used as the arithmetic mean for the classification of banks into stable and unstable by comparing the arithmetic mean of the bank sector average rate for each variable, The result (6) community banks Iraqi stable of the total (15) banks of the study sample , one of the main conclusions of the study , also found standard deviations , was to find a correlation between financial ratios of the research sample , as well as the use of the progressive choice Stepwise method of counting was born Wald Method to model logistic regression , and was the most prominent recommendations , should be used to predict financial stability permanently models as tools for early warning on the state of the bank , as current research proved that the logistic regression model is of the same predictive accuracy high models after its application to the research sample banks.

Financial Stability --- Financial Soundness --- Indicators --- Predict. --- الاستقرار المالي --- مؤشرات السلامة المالية --- نموذج الانحدار اللوجستي

Abstract :The indirect monetary policy tools led to financial stability for the period being studied through the use of indicators of financial stability (aggregate) to show the effect of the foreign reserves of the Central Bank of Iraq and its indirect instruments in achieving financial and economic stability, especially after the significant decline in oil prices and dependence of the Iraqi economy on Oil (rent) and lower reserves of the Central Bank of Iraq after 2014 and now compared to previous years, the goal of this research is to achieve financial stability according to selected indicators and achieve an optimal monetary policy to achieve the development goals of The economic policy in the country. Standard models were used to test the effect of using indirect monetary policy tools in achieving financial stability in the light of selected aggregate indicators. To measure the effect of independent variables, open market operations, discount rate and foreign reserves on the adopted variable, The third variable of the indicators of financial stability, where it is shown that the effect of each of the foreign reserve the price of rebate is a positive and moral effect, ie, the increase in the price of the discount by one unit leads to an increase of 17.14 in the margin or the interest rate. And the value of R2 is also good, since the changes explained by the independent variables in the dependent variable in the model are equal to 66%, and the value of the F statistic is significant and The level of 1% and the R2 value is less than the DW value, indicating that there is no problem of the false regression of the model

إدت ادوات السياسة النقدية غير المباشرة الى تحقيق استقرار مالي للمدة المبحوثة وذلك من خلال استخدام مؤشرات الاستقرار المالي (التجميعية) لبيان الاثر الناتج بين الاحتياطات الاجنبية للبنك المركزي العراقي وادواته الغير مباشرة في تحقيق الاستقرار المالي والاقتصادي ولاسيما بعد الانخفاض الكبير في اسعار النفط واعتماد الاقتصاد العراقي على النفط (الريعي) وانخفاض احتياطات البنك المركزي العراقي بعد عام 2014 والى الان مقارنة بالاعوام السابقة ، فالهدف من هذا البحث هو تحقيق استقرار مالي وفق المؤشرات المختارة وتحقيق سياسة نقدية مثلى تحقق الاهداف التنموية للسياسة الاقتصادية في البلد ، وقد تم استخدام نماذج قياسية لاختبار الاثر الحاصل في استخدام ادوات السياسة النقدية غير المباشرة في تحقيق الاستقرار المالي في ضوء مؤشرات تجميعية مختارة ، ولقياس اثر المتغيرات المستقلة عمليات السوق المفتوحة وسعر الخصم والاحتياطي القانوني على المتغير المعتمد هامش او فارق الفائدة والذي تمثل المتغير الثالث من مؤشرات الاستقرار المالي حيث بين بانه اثر كل من الاحتياطي القانوني وسعر اعاده الخصم هو اثر موجب ومعنوي أي ان الزيادة في سعر الخصم بمقدار وحده واحده تؤدي الى زيادة بمقدار 17.14 في هامش او فارق الفائدة كما ان الزيادة بمقدار وحده واحده في الاحتياطي القانوني تؤدي الى زيادة بنسبه 0.02 في هامش او فارق الفائدة كما ان معلمه المقطع الصادي معنويه وان قيمه R2ايضا جيده حيث ان التغيرات المشروحة من قبل المتغيرات المستقلة في المتغير التابع في النموذج مساوي الى 66% كما ان قيمه احصاء F معنويه وعند مستوى 1% وقيمه R2 اقل من قيمه D.W من مايشير الى عدم وجود مشكله الانحدار الزائف للنموذج.

Tools Monetary Policy Indirect- Legal Reserve- Financial Stability- Aggregate Indexes . --- ادوات السياسة النقدية غير المباشرة – الاحتياطي القانوني- الاستقرار المالي – المؤشرات التجميعية .

This research attempt to explain the essential aspects of one important model in management of Bank risks , that is (stress testing) , which increase the concentrate on it resulting the negative affects of Global financial crisis that it accuar in 2008 to study the application possibilities in iraqian banks to enhancing the safety and financial soundness Becuase the classical tools in Risk management don’t give clear image on Banks ability in facing risks, hence the Basel committee on Banking supervision focusing in agreement of Basel 2,3 on stress testing when it doing the internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP) .To achieving the reseach objectives we chocing sample from employer and managers in Iraqi centeral Bank to identify their point view in application possibilities of stress testing in Iraqi Banks through questionneir prepare fore this purpose .The research Based on primary hypothesis (uses of stress testing affect in management of bank risks and capital allocation ) .Many nonparametric statistic tools uses and standard deviation and (t test) to analyze the sample answers and test the hypothesis , the research arrive that iraqian banks needed stress testing tools to risk management and facing unexpected risk then we recomeded to adaptation stress testing as importance tool in risk management and as one of modern Early warning devices through scenarios stsuctured to this purpose .

حاول هـذا البحث توضيح الجوانب الأساسية لأحـد النمـاذج المهمـة فـي ادارة المخاطر المصرفية آلا وهو (اختبارات التحمل ) الذي زاد الاهتمام به نتيجة الآثار السلبية للازمة المالية العالمية التي حصلت العام 2008 لدراسة أمكانية التطبيق في المصارف العراقية لغرض تعزيز الأمان والسلامة المالية فيها اذ ان الأدوات التقليدية في ادارة المخاطر لاتعطي صورة واضحة عن قدرة المصارف في مواجهة المخاطر ولهذا فقد ركزت لجنة بازل للأشراف والرقابة المصرفية في مقررات بازل (3,2 )على اختبارات التحمل في المصارف عند قيامها بالتقييم الداخلي لكفاية رأس المال ، ولتحقيق أهـداف البحث فقد تم اختبار عينة من الموظفين والمدراء في البنك المركزي العراقي في مديرية رقابة الصيرفة والائتمان لبيان وجهة نظرهم في أمكانية تطبيق اختبارات التحمل في المصارف العراقية من خلال استمارة استبانة أعدت لهذا الغرض وقد استند البحث الى فرضية أساسية هي (يؤثر استخدام اختبارات التحمل في ادارة المخاطر المصرفية وتخصيص رأس المال( وقد استخدمت الأدوات الإحصائية اللامعلمية والانحراف المعياري واختبار t لتحليل إجابات عينة البحث واختبار الفرضية وقد توصل البحث الى ان المصارف العراقية في حاجة الى أجراء اختبارات التحمل لغرض ادارة المخاطر ومواجهة المخاطر غير المتوقعة كما أوصى بضرورة تبني البنك المركزي لاختبارات التحمل كأداة مهمة من أدوات ادارة المخاطر واحد أدوات الإنذار المبكر الحديثة من خلال سيناريوهات يتم بناؤها لهذا الغرض

stress testing- Risk management- Internal capital adequacy assessment process - Basel committee on Banking supervision - financial stability. --- اختبارات التحمل- أدارة المخاطر- عملية التقييم الداخلي لكفاية رأس المال- لجنة بازل للأشراف المصرفي- الاستقرار المالي