This study was performed on 64 Iraqi female buffaloes suffered from Retained fetal membranes in - Karbala province on the period from December 2012 untilDecember 2013 with different ages. These animals were divided randomly into two groups. The treated group(36) buffaloes were given Receptal® (GnRh) 0.021mg/5 ml/IM on day “14 “ postpartum .while the other “control group” (28) buffaloes were injected with ( 5 ml) distilled water also on day (14) postpartum. The response in the (GnRh) treated group(decrease of the first postpartum estrus and decreased open days) records 52.3±16.4 days for the first postpartum period compared with 74.7±21.8days of control group. While service per conception showed1.9±1.2 to the GnRh treated group compared to 2.4±1.6 of the control group. The days open in the GnRh treated group was 88.6%±12.5 compared to 123.2±25.4 in the control group. The statistical analysis showed that GnRh treated group showed significant shorter postpartum period than control group,in case of first postpartum period and open days. While the number of services per conception showed no significant difference.Key word- GnRh- Buffaloes - RFM- Receptal®

GnRh- Buffaloes - RFM- Receptal®

BackgroundEndometriosis is a chronic and recurrent disease characterized by the presence and proliferation of functional endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. GnRH analogues are currently one of the most widely used medical therapies for endometriosis.ObjectiveThis study assesses the role of zoladex (goserelin acetate depot) for patients with recurrent endometriosis after surgical treatment.MethodsA descriptive follow up study of 20 women with recurrent endometriosis after surgery were arranged to receive Goserelin acetate (Zoladex) one month depot administered subcutaneously monthly for a period of six months followed by one year follow up in Al-Karama Teaching Hospital -Wasit Governorate/ Iraq from May 2008 until May 2010.ResultsNinety percent of patients showed symptomatic improvement, ultrasound improvement achieved in 80%, recurrence rate of 20% within one year after stopping treatment and none of the patients required surgical interference during the period of the study.ConclusionsOur results support the beneficial role of Goserelin acetate (3.6 mg) month depot administered subcutaneously in the treatment of recurrent endometriosis after surgery.KeywordsEndometriosis, GnRH analogues, Goserelin acetate

Endometriosis --- GnRH analogues --- Goserelin acetate

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different hormonal treatments protocols (PGF2α ,GnRH, estradiol and progesterone) hormones on reproductive performance of postpartum anoestrus native dairy River buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), endemic south of Baghdad under field conditions . Present study was conducted on 128 animals that had postpartum anoestrus (PPA) for a period between 4 to 8 months. The animals were subjected to two experiments according to the type of anoestrus. In the first experiment 94 animals (73.5%) with persistent corpus luteum on their ovaries without any signs of estrous (sub-oestrus) were classified into two sub-groups.Sub-group1 (n=47) treated with PGF2α hormone alone and sub-group 2 (n= 47) were treated by two injections. The first injection was PGF2α. while the second injection GnRH+ PGF2α was injected after 9 days.In second experiment 34 buffalo cows without any structure on their ovaries (True anestrous) were classified into two sub-groups according to design of the treatment. Sub-group 1(n=14) was treated with estradiol as single injection. Sub-Group 2(n=20) received estradiol + progesterone .The results indicated that the pregnancy rate in sub- groups1 and 2 of the first experiment were 85.1% and 89% respectively , which was not significantly differ from each other (P < 0.05). While in the second experiment, the pregnancy rate for the first and second sub- groups were 71% and 75%, respectively. This study concluded that the prevailing situation of anestrous in postpartum buffaloes endemic south of Baghdad is anestrous with corpus luteum (Sub-oestrus) , 94 out of 128 (73.5%) , and the most efficient treatment protocol of these case are PGF2α + GnRH hormones ( pregnancy rate= 89%) . While estradiol + progesterone treatment are efficient in the treatment of animals suffering from true anestrous (pregnancy rate 75%).

تهدف هذه الدراسة لتقييم فعالية بروتوكولات علاجية هرمونية مختلفة ) PGF2α , GnRH ، استراديول والبروجسترون( علىجواميس النهر العراقية المحلية المنتجة للحليب Bubalus bubalis , المستوطنة في مناطق جنوب بغداد في ظل الظروف البيئيةالسائدة في هذه المنطقة على أدائها التكاثري . شملت هذه الدراسة 121 حيوان تميزت بمدة انعدام الشبق بعد الولادة ما بين 4 إلى 1( %5.. أشهر. أخضعت حيوانات الدراسة إلى تجربتين اعتمادا على نوع انعدام الشبق ففي التجربة الأولى وتمثل 7 n=94 ( كانتتعاني من انعدام الشبق مع وجود الجسم ألاصفر (sub-oestrus) ( %2.. والتجربة الثانية 7 n=34 ( كانت تعاني من انعدام الشبقالحقيقي ) true anestrous ( .قسمت حيوانات التجربة الأولى,بصورة عشوائية إلى مجموعتين ) 45 حيوان في كل مجموعة( وفقالتصميم مجموعة العلاج, وعولجت بنوعين من العلاجات حيث عوملت المجموعة الأولى بهورمون PGF2α فقط ، بينما عوملتالمجموعة الثانية بهورمون PGF2α ثم حقنت في اليوم التاسع بهورمون PGF2α + GnRH . . وفي التجربة الثانية والمتضمنة 4حيوان تم تقسيمها إلى مجموعتين أيضا . المجموعة الأولى شملت 14 حيوان تم معاملتها بالاستراديول أما المجموعة الثانية فقد شملت٪ 22 حيوان تم معاملتها بهرمون بالاستراديول + البروجسترون. تم حساب نسبة الحمل في مجموعتي التجربة الأولى وبلغت 17.1و 18 ٪ على التوالي وهي ليست ذات فروق معنوية ) P <0.05 ( أما في التجربة الثانية فكانت نسبة الحمل 51 ٪ و 57 ٪ للمجموعتينالأولى والثانية على التوالي. وهي ليست ذات فروق معنوية أيضا. نستنتج من هذه الدراسة إن النسبة السائدة لانعدام الشبق في حيواناتجاموس النهر العراقية المحلية المنتجة للحليب والمستوطنة في هذه المنطقة من العراق هو حالة انعدام الشبق مع وجود الجسمالأصفر (Sub - anoestrus) وان نظام المعالجة بهرمون PGF2α و GnRH هو الأكفأ في علاج هذه الحالات. بينما كانت طريقةالمعالجة بهرمون بالاستراديول و البروجسترون ذات كفاءة في معالجة حيوانات الجاموس التي تعاني من حالة انعدام الشبق الحقيقي

Estrogenin --- PGF2α --- GnRH --- Buffalo. --- هرمون البروستوكلاندين، هرمون الاستروجين، هرمون GnRH ، الجاموس.

So far synthesis of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) analogues reported in the literature has clarified some aspects of structural activity of the naturally released GnRH. As a part of continuing efforts for further understanding of this relationship, the present investigation was undertaken which involved synthesis and biological evaluation of two GnRH analogues, firstly, by replacement of the amino acid L-Argenine in the 8th position at the backbone structure of the natural hormone by the amino acid D-Alanine; and secondly, by replacement of the amino acid L-Glycine in the 10th position by D-Alanine also at the backbone structure of the nature hormone, to obtain the following analogues respectively:
PGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-DAla-Pro-Gly-NH2 (Analogue I: D-Alanine8 GnRH),
PGlu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-DAla-NH2 (Analogue II: D-Alanine10 GnRH), which were synthesized by applying conventional solution method. Peptides were purified by several recrystallization using appropriate solvent and proved to be homogenous. Conformity of the synthetic procedure was achieved by applying different physico-chemical analyses including Melting Point (mp), Thin Layer Chromatography (Tlc.), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Elemental Analysis (CHN), Amino Acid Analysis (AAA), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H1NMR).Preliminary biological activity of the two analogues was determined by testing their effects of parenteral administration on ascorbic acid depletion from the ovary of pseudopregnant mice and compared with that of natural GnRH hormone. Analogue II showed significant ascorbic acid depletion as compared to the native hormone while the percentage in ascorbic acid depletion after administration of analogue I were not significant as compared to the native hormone.

المنشورة في الأدبيات العالمية (GnRH) Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone لقد كشفت مماثلات هورمون بعضا من جوانب العلاقة للفعالية الحيوية والبنية الجزيئية للهورمون الطبيعية، وكجزء من مساعينا بهذا الاتجاه والرامية الى الاستزادة من التفهم الأعمق والأشمل لهده العلاقة فقد تم تناول هذه الدراسة والتي تشمل تحضير مماثلين للهورمون الطبيعي وذلك عن طريق:- L-Arginine بدلاً من الحامض الأميني 8 في الموقع D-Alanine 1- احلال الحامض الأميني L-Glycine بدلا من الحاض الأميني10في الموقع D-Alanine2- احلال الحامض الأميني على التوالي وكما يلي:-pGlu His Trp Ser Tyr Gly Leu Dala Pro Gly-NH2 (Analogue I: D-Alanine8 GnRH)pGlu His Trp Ser Tyr Gly Leu LArg Pro DAla-NH2 (Analogue II: D-Alanine10 GnRH)والتي خلقت باستخدام طرق المحلول المعهودة وتم تنقية المماثلات المحضرة عن طريق اعادة البلورة باستخدام مذيبات ملائمة. أما التقنيات الفيزياوية والكيمياوية التي الستخدمت بهدف التوصل للخواص المميزة للمماثلات المحضرة فقد كانت كروماتوكرافيا الطبقة الرقيقة، قياس درجة الانصار، مطياف الأشعة تحت الحمراء، الاستدارة البصرية تحليل العناصر ومن ثم تحليل الحوامض الأمينية ومطياف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي. تم اجراء التقييم البايولوجي البدائي حيث استند على تقدير تأثير الهورمون المصنع على معدل انخفاض تركيز حامض الاسكوربيك في مبايض الفئران كاذبة الحمل. لقد أدى حقن المماثلين المحضرين الى حصول انخفاض معنوي للمماثل (II) في معدل تركيز حامض الأسكوربيك بينما أظهر المماثل الأول انخفاض في معدل تركيز حامض الأسكوربيك في المبايض نسبة للفعالية البايويولوجية القياسية للهورمون الطبيعي.

Gonadotropine releasing hormone --- Peptide synthesis --- Biological activity of GnRH

Background and objective: Infertility and poor ovarian response are serious problems in our society; fortunately the in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection technique dissolve many of these problems. This study aimed to assess the effect of an individualized GnRH antagonist regimen on intracytoplasmic sperm injection process especially the aptness of it in given mature reiterative oocytes, normal fertilization, and acceptably zygote cleavage which enhance pregnancy. Methods: The population of the study consisted of 877 couples attending the in vitro fertilization-infertility center in the maternity teaching hospital and chose to undergo intracytoplasmic sperm injection after using of antagonist protocol for stimulation of women ovaries. The women ages ranged between 24 and 44 years. The collected data included a number of reiterative oocytes; fertilization, embryo grades and lastly estimates the pregnancy results Results: A significant association (P <0.001) was found in the numbers of reiterative oocytes between the age groups of the study. A significant association (P = 0.005) was also found concerning to quality of fertilization process. The study of the zygote cleavage and blastomeres formation followed the fertilization show variable grade of embryos and analyzed data of embryo grades in this study indicate presence of significant association (P = 0.003). The rate of pregnancy showed significant association between the groups of the study with the <30 years age group have chance of pregnancy higher than other groups.Conclusion: The antagonist protocol of ovary stimulation according to the results of this study is a qualified protocol; besides it is rapid and can be reversed. This protocol can give effective results in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection process especially for young women, and enhance the pregnancy.

GnRH antagonist --- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection stimulation --- IVF protocol